Human Rights and International Organizations

This set of flashcards covers important concepts related to human rights, the Canadian legal framework, and international organizations.

Canadian Bill of Rights (1960)

A document that outlines human rights in Canada, aimed at protecting individual freedoms.

Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms (1982)

Part of the Constitution of Canada that guarantees fundamental rights and freedoms to Canadian citizens.

Oaks Test

A legal test used by courts to determine if a law that limits a Charter right can be justified in a free and democratic society.

Freedom of Expression

The right to express one's thoughts, opinions, and beliefs without censorship or restraint.

Section 1 of the Charter

States that rights and freedoms are guaranteed, but can be subject to reasonable limits.

Legal Rights

Rights that protect individuals in legal proceedings, including the right to a fair trial and protection from arbitrary detention.

UN Declaration of Human Rights (1948)

An international document that outlines the fundamental human rights to be universally protected.

UN Security Council

A principal body of the UN that makes decisions on international peace and security and can take binding actions.

Geneva Conventions (1949)

A set of treaties establishing international legal standards for humanitarian treatment in war.

Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities

A UN convention aimed at protecting the rights and dignity of persons with disabilities.

Self-determination (Indigenous peoples)

The right of Indigenous peoples to determine their political status and pursue their economic, social, and cultural development.

Non-discrimination Principle

The principle ensuring that everyone is treated equally under the law, without discrimination.

Mobility Rights

The right to enter, remain in, and leave Canada, as well as to move and work in any province.

Habeas Corpus

A legal principle that protects against unlawful detention by allowing a detained person to challenge their arrest in court.

Right to Silence

The right of an individual to remain silent and not provide self-incriminating evidence.

Ongoing Rights Upgrade

Process whereby rights are consistently assessed and updated to ensure they meet current standards of justice.