RHS EXAM: RADIATION SAFETY FOR PATIENTS AND OPERATORS:

The annual maximum accumulated dose (MAD) of radiation for dental assistant is based on which of the following calculations?

Age minus 18 times 5 rems/year.

The population most susceptible to radiation damage is

Infants.

Cells most suspectable to radiation damage are

Bone marrow.

The main purpose of using a lead apron with a thyroid collar when exposing dental radiographs is to protect the patient from

Scatter radiation.

Which of the following can help to protect patients from excess radiation damage to tissues?

High kVp.

The purpose of intensifying screens is to

decrease the amount of the radiation exposure.

The diameter of the cone-shaped beam produced from a circular collimator is

2.75 inches.

Which of the following cells exposed to radiation may be associated with leukemia?

Somatic.

Which of the following tissues is the most highly radiosensitive?

Skin.

Which of the following landmarks is useful when mounting films in the maxillary central area?

Anterior nasal spine.

Radiation injury results from

Exposure.

If there are no teeth to serve as guides, which of the following landmarks indicates a maxillary molar area radiograph?

Tuberosity.

Which of the following PID produces the greatest amount of secondary radiation?

Closed-end plastic cone.

Radiation injury can be measured by

Dose rate.

ALARA is primarily concerned with the radiation that is

artificial.

The amount of which of the following is used in determining the degree of radiation injury?

Tissue irradiated.

The position-indicating device (PID) shape that most effectively reduces patient exposure to radiation is

rectangular.

The radiation that is formed by the interaction of x-rays with matter is

secondary radiation.

Which of the following equations is used to determine the occupational maximum accumulated dose (MAD) of radiation?

Age minus 18 times 5 rems/year.

Which of the following protection techniques is used to minimize x-radiation exposure to the operator?

Structural shielding.

When the tubehead drifts, the first step the dental assistant should take is to

stop using the machine.

Compared to a round position-indicating device (PID), which of the following PIDs reduces patient radiation exposure by up to 70 percent?

Rectangular shaped.

Which of the following radiation effects increase in severity as more radiation is absorbed by somatic cells?

Nonstochastic.

The shorter the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation, the greater the

energy.

Which of the following affects the speed of the electrons emitted from the tubehead?

kVp.

Which of the following radiation injury theories describes cells that are damaged by way of absorption?

Indirect.

Human tissue are mainly composed of

water/H2O.

Which of the following was established to address the education and certification of operators of radiographic equipment?

Consumer-Patient Radiation Health and Safety Act.

During patient exposure, protection from radiation for the dental assistant includes

standing behind a wall.

Personnel monitoring for radiation exposure is done by

Wearing a dosimeter.

When exposing radiographs, what is the minimum distance the operator should stand from the tube head?

6 feet

Which of the following measures the amount of radiation that reaches the surface of the skin?

Roentgen.

Which of the following is the most effective method of reducing patient exposure to x-radiation?

Fast film.

The radiation exposure that poses the greatest hazard to the operator is

Leakage radiation.

Which of the following is the measurement of force that refers to the potential difference between two electrical charges?

Voltage.

Leakage radiation is defined as any radiation that is

From the primary beam.

Dental healthcare personnel can BEST shield themselves from radiation during patient exposure by standing behind

A drywall barrier.

Which of the following is a long-term effect of radiation?

Genetic defects.

To produce ionizing radiation, an atom must

Add an electron.

Long-term effects of exposure to radiation may be associated with is

birth abnormalities.

Which of the following can be used to measure excessive occupational exposure?

Film badge.

The most important step the dentist can take in protecting patients from x-radiation is to properly

prescribe radiographs.

The maximum permissible dose (MPD) of ionizing radiation for occupational exposure is

5.0 rem per year.

Which of the following helps to decrease exposure of the thyroid gland from the primary radiation beam?

Paralleling technique.

Dental x-rays should be prescribed when the

benefits outweigh the risk of harm.

Added filtration in the x-ray tubehead protects the

patient

When taking radiographs on a small child who cannot hold the film intra-orally, the dental assistant should

Ask a parent or legal guardian to hold the film.

Which of the following landmarks is useful when mounting films of the mandibular posterior area?

Mental foramen.

Which of the following sequences best describes radiation injury to tissue?

Latent period, period of injury, period of recovery.

Which of the following must be monitored for radiation leakage?

Dental x-ray machines.

The purpose of the aluminum disc in the x-ray tubehead is to

filter out long wave x-rays from the primary beam.

Dental healthcare personnel who are pregnant can expose radiographs during the

Entire pregnancy.

Which of the following prevents x-rays from escaping the tubehead?

Leaded-glass housing.

Dental assistants exposing x-rays can best be protected from scatter radiation by

standing behind a lead barrier.

Patients receive less radiation when using a/an

Rectangular PID.

What is the primary advantage in using digital radiography?

Reduces the radiation to patient.

Somatic effects of radiation do NOT have damaging effects on

Offspring.

Which of the following would you adjust to produce wavelengths with the greatest penetrating power?

kVp.

The time between patient exposure to radiation and the appearance of biological damage is the

Latent period.

Which of the following may cause unnecessary radiation exposure to the patient?

Radiograph technique errors.

Which of the following radiolucent landmarks is useful when mounting films in the mandibular anterior area?

Lingual foramen.

Using the ALARA concept as a guideline for radiographs includes all of the following EXCEPT

Using a circular PID.

When changing the 8-inch PID to a 16-inch PID, which of the following is used to determine the intensity of the beam?

Inverse square law.

Personnel radiation monitoring devices are worn to

record the occupational exposure received by the operator.

The most important responsibility of the dental assistant in dental radiography is implementing ALARA principle.

implementing ALARA principle.

The most common artificial radiation exposure comes from

Medical radiation.

The penetrating x-ray beam produced during dental radiography is called

primary radiation.

For x-ray machines operating in ranges at or below 70 kVp, the total aluminum equivalent filtration must be a minimum of

1.5mm.

According to the inverse square law, when changing the PID length from 8 to 16 inches, the beam's intensity is

¼ as intense.

Contrast in a radiograph is primarily controlled by

kVp.

While exposing x-ray films, radiation deflecting off the patient's head is called

scatter radiation.

Which of the following landmarks is useful when mounting films in the maxillary posterior area?

Floor of the maxillary sinus.

If a dental assistant dosimeter badge report indicates exposure to radiation, what should be done first?

Evaluate the x-ray equipment and techniques.

Which of the following affects the quantity of x-rays being emitted from the tubehead?

mA.

Which of the following is a measurement of tissue damage from x-ray energy?

Radiation absorbed dose.