APUSH 1961-1972 (LBJ and Vietnam)

The Great Society

• LBJ instituted in the 1960s

• Education: Headstart

• Healthcare: Medicade (for the disabled) medicare (for the old people)

• Enviroment: Housing Urban Development (created housing)

• national endowment for Arts and Humanities

• Economic Opprotunity Act - helped address poverty in the US

• Food Stamps

• Immigration Act

• Jobcore and Upward bound helped with job training and employment

• VISTA

Immigration Act

• 1965 LBJ

• got rid of the Immigration Quotas

VISTA

• 1964

• Volunteer in Service to America

• modled after the peace corps

• offered technical assistance to the urban and rural poor

Barry Goldwater

• set the conservative ideals for Reagan

• said democrats were weak on communism

• supported traditional family values

• wanted to continue to build up the military

• against the Great Society and Civil Rights

• lost the 1964 election to LBJ

Great Society Legacy

• people in poverty dropped from 20 to 13%

• quality of life increased

• problems:

  • segregation in Urban areas continued

  • bottom 13% still suffered and recieved little help

Labor Feminists

• working women who belonged to Unions

• faught for workplace equality

• in 1970 40% of women were working outside of the home

Betty Friedan

• wrote Feminime Mystique in 1963

• the book was an indictment of Suburban domesticity and targeteed white, middle class women who were subdued by marriage

National Organization for Women

• founded in 1966 and was modeled after the NAACP

• goal was equality for women across all of society

Gulf of Tonkin

• 1964

• LBJ recieved two reports of attacks on American ships in the Gulf of Tonkin by the North Vietnamese

  • only one attack actually happened

• caused him to issue the Tonkin Resolutions which gave LBJ power to escalate and conduct the war without congress’s approval

Opinions on the War

• TV: showed support for LBJ but also showed the tragedies of the war

• the credibility of the government starts to lessens

  • Journalists start questioning the war

  • government was found to be hiding certain news

  • war was increasing the defecit

  • antiwar movement growing

The New Left

• college students created the students for Democratic Society at UMich in 1960

• rejected the cold war, consumer culture, and split between the rich and the poor

• shows increased student activism against wars and government legislation

• 1960s

Young Americans for Freedom

• conservative students protesting the growing governemnt power that diminishes liberty

• becomes the largest student organization of the time

• supports the Vietnam War

The Counter Culture

• other people revolt against the middle class ideals

• aka hippies

• popularized folk music

• summer of love in California

• increased recreational drug use

The Tet Offensive

• 1968

• large scale attack on US and South Vietnam by the North Vietnamese

• surprised the US because the North attacked on their holy days

• sign that the US couldn’t win the war

• causes LBJ to not run again

Richard Nixon

• elected in 1968

• took him five years to descalate vietnam

• supported by Nothern blue collar workers

• used coded racist language to gain support from Southern Whites

• against Anti-war movements and slow on civil rights

Anti-War Movements

• Chicanos: Ceasar Chavez organized Anti-war protests

• Black Power: protested the war

  • Muhammad Ali - resisted the Draft and lost all of his medals

Sisterhood

• young college educated feminists

• key goals: childcare, equal pay, abortion rights

• minorities left out of these organizations

Title IX

• 1972

• prohibited colleges and universities from accepting federal funds if they had discriminated based on sex

  • equal educational setting for men and women

Stonewall

• 1969

• gay bar in new york that was raided by the police and the people fought back and resisted

• brought sympathy and visuals to the LGBTQ movement

• caused 2 days of rioting afterward

Nixon in Vietnam

• gradual withdrawal from 1968-1973

• anti-war movement itensified

• secretly bombed Cambodia and Laos because they were pathways to Vietnam

  • caused communism to spread to these countries

  • led to the rise of Khmer Rouge (kill fields)

• massive protests

• 1973 Peace treaty is signed and the US leaves the war

• ordered B-52 bombing raids

Kent State Protest

• 1970

• students protesting the war and national guard was brought in

• hurt 2 people and killed 4

My Lai Massacre

• 1968

• US soldiers executed 500 South Vietnamese Civilians

Detente

• Nixon wanted better relations with the SU and china

• signed SALT with teh SU

• Nixon was the first president to travel to China

Costs of Vietnam

• distrust in the government

• lots of lives lost and millions wounded

• very expensive

Miranda V. Arizona

• 1966

• recognizes the arrestees right to remain silent

• leads to the Miranda Rights

Busing

• how the Warren Courts decided to integrate schools

• Warren courts seen as to liberal eventhough they were appointed by Eisenhower

Affirmative Action

• colleges make up for discrimination so they take note of race in applications