chapter 7: Strings

object

related data that come with a set of functions that operate on it like cout and string.

index

a variable used to select one of the members of an ordered set like a character from a string.

traverse

to go through each of the elements and perform an operation on each one in an ordered set.

counter

a variable used to count something, and it increments after every iteration

increment

increasing the value by one (++ operator)

decrement

decrease the variable by one (-- operator)

concatenate

joining two or more variables that are being operated on, end to end.

booleans (bool)

returns a true or false response

character (char)

returns a character

integer (int)

returns an integer

floating point numbers (double)

returns a real number

string

an array of characters

length function

returns the length of a string in integer.

run time error

errors that occur only after you run the program

find

takes a character and finds the index where the character appears

isalpha

returns if the string contains characters.

isdigit

returns if it is a digit

isspace

identifies all “white space” like tabs, new lines, and spaces

issupper

checks if it is uppercaseis lo

islower

checks if it is lowercase

toupper

converts from lowercase to uppercase

tolower

converts the uppercase letters into lowercase

how to extract characters from a string

“[ ]” indexing

indexing in c++ begins at what number

0

size_t

used for numbering in arrays