UNIT 2 - AP Environmental Science

APES 25-26

Genetic diversity

A measure of the genetic variation among individuals in a population.

Population bottleneck

When a large population declines in number, the amount of genetic diversity carried by the surviving individuals is greatly reduced.

Species diversity

The number of species in a region or in a particular ecosystem.

Habitat diversity

The variety of habitats that exist in a given ecosystem.

Specialists

Species that only live under a narrow range of biotic or abiotic conditions.

Generalists

Species that can live under a wide range of biotic and abiotic conditions.

Ecosystem diversity

The variety of ecosystems that exist in a given region.

Species richness

The number of different species in a given area.

Species evenness

The relative proportion of individuals within the different species in a given area.

Ecosystem services

The processes by which life-supporting resources such as clean water, timber, fisheries, and agricultural crops are produced.

Provisions

A good produced by an ecosystem that humans can use directly.

Aquaculture

The farming of fish, shellfish, and seaweed.

Island biogeography

The study of how species are distributed and interacting on islands.

Species-area curve

A description of how the number of species on an island increases with the area of the island.