Shit to memorise

NEUTRALISATION - acid + base

salt + water

NEUTRALISATION - acid + metal hydroxide

salt + water

NEUTRALISATION - acid + metal oxide

salt + water

NEUTRALISATION - acid + metal carbonate

salt + CO2 + H2O

NEUTRALISATION - acid + metal

salt + hydrogen gas

METALS - metal + oxygen

metal oxide

METALS - metal + water

metal hydroxide + hydrogen gas

METALS - acid + metal

salt + hydrogen gas

Carboxylic acids

Alcohols

-OH

contain hydroxyl functional group

ends in anol

Isomer

molecules with same molecular formula but different structural formula

homologous series

a family of compounds which have the same general formula and similar chemical properties

eg: general formulas for Alkanes and Alkenes

hydrocarbon

compound which contains carbon and hydrogen only

Alkanes

CnHn2n+2

end in ane and include:

meth eth prop but pent hex hept oct non dec

only one single bond between the carbon atoms

saturated

Alkenes

CnH2n

end in ene

double bonds between the carbons atoms

unsaturated

Cycloalkanes

first member is cycloPROPANE

CnH2n

saturated

alkanes do / do not decolourise bromine water quickly

do not

alkenes do / do not decolourise water quickly

do (addition reaction)

when hydrogen is added to an alkene to make alkane this is called

hydrogenation

when water is added to an alkene to create an alcohol this is called

hydration