Binary Data Representation and Compression Flashcards

A complete set of 35 vocabulary flashcards covering binary conversions, data representation, overflow errors, file compression, and intellectual property.

Bit

Short for Binary Digit, a fundamental unit of data whose possible values are strictly $0$ or $1$.

Binary Hardware Representation

The practice of representing information in computers using base-2 binary instead of base-10 decimal, because it is easier, cheaper, and far more reliable to build electronic hardware that only needs to differentiate between two states (e.g., electricity on vs. off).

4-Bit Representation Capacity

The number of unique states or items that can be represented using a sequence of $4$ bits, which is $16$ items ($2^4 = 16$).

Bit Requirement for 50 Distinct Items

The minimum sequence length needed to uniquely identify $50$ distinct items, which is $6$ bits (since $2^5 = 32$ is too small, and $2^6 = 64$ safely accommodates $50$).

Decimal Equivalent of Binary 1011

The base-10 decimal value of the binary number $1011$, equal to $11$ ($8 + 0 + 2 + 1$).

6-Bit Binary Sequence for Decimal 21

The 6-bit binary representation of decimal $21$, which is $010101$ ($16 + 4 + 1$).

Overflow Error

An error that occurs when a computer attempts to calculate or store a number that is larger than the maximum value its bits can handle.

3-Bit Calculation Overflow (7 + 1)

An overflow error resulting from attempting $7 + 1$ in a 3-bit system, because the maximum value a 3-bit unsigned system can represent is $7$ ($111$).

Byte

A unit of digital data defined as a group of $8$ bits.

4-Bit Maximum Unsigned Value

The largest decimal number that can be represented in a 4-bit system, which is $15$ ($1111$).

Lossless Compression

A compression technique that reduces file size without throwing away any data, ensuring the original file can be perfectly reconstructed.

Lossy Compression

A compression technique that achieves much smaller file sizes by permanently discarding less important or unnoticeable information.

Lossless Compression for Executable Files (.exe)

The requirement to use lossless compression for critical computer program executable files (.exe), because losing even a single bit of functional code will break a program.

Lossy Compression for Streaming Media

The practice of utilizing lossy compression for video streaming and audio playback, because human senses tolerate minor quality losses in trade for fast streaming speeds.

Intellectual Property

A work or invention that is the result of creativity, to which the creator has rights.

Creative Commons

A system of public copyright licenses that allows creators to tell the public exactly how their work can be shared, used, or modified for free.

Binary Conversion of Decimal 128

The binary representation of decimal $128$, which is $10000000$.

Binary Conversion of Decimal 65

The binary representation of decimal $65$, which is $01000001$.

Binary Conversion of Decimal 254

The binary representation of decimal $254$, which is $11111110$.

Decimal Conversion of Binary 00010001

The decimal representation of binary $00010001$, which is $17$.

Decimal Conversion of Binary 11001100

The decimal representation of binary $11001100$, which is $204$.

Decimal Conversion of Binary 01000100

The decimal representation of binary $01000100$, which is $68$.

Binary Conversion of Decimal 37

The binary representation of decimal $37$, which is $00100101$.

5-Bit Capacity

The maximum number of distinct values representable by 5 bits, equal to $2^5 = 32$ items, which is too small for $50$ students.

6-Bit Capacity

The maximum number of distinct values representable by 6 bits, equal to $2^6 = 64$ items, which safely accommodates $50$ students.

Binary 1011

A 4-bit binary sequence that evaluates to decimal $11$.

Binary 010101

A 6-bit binary sequence that evaluates to decimal $21$.

Binary 1111

A 4-bit binary sequence that represents the maximum decimal value $15$.

Binary 111

A 3-bit binary sequence that represents the maximum unsigned decimal value $7$.

Binary 10000000

An 8-bit binary sequence that evaluates to decimal $128$.

Binary 01000001

An 8-bit binary sequence that evaluates to decimal $65$.

Binary 11111110

An 8-bit binary sequence that evaluates to decimal $254$.

Binary 00010001

An 8-bit binary sequence that evaluates to decimal $17$.

Binary 11001100

An 8-bit binary sequence that evaluates to decimal $204$.

Binary 01000100

An 8-bit binary sequence that evaluates to decimal $68$.