sociology- last sac

social movement definition=

involve a group engaged in an organised effort to achieve social change.

social change definition=

refers to adjustments and fluctuations in views, values, norms and structures in society in response to various factors such as laws, actions and interests of specific groups of people, government policies available, resources and the way society is organised.

nature defintion=

context of the social movement and includes the type and stage of the movement as well as why it has come into being.

power definition=

is the ability to impose ones will on others, even if they resist in some way.

purpose defintion=

of a social movement is it’s aims or the goals it wants to achieve.

define ‘mass mobilisation’

refers to the organised efforts of bringing together a large number of people to actively participate in a movement.

define violence and non- violence

violence- is the use or involvement of physical force intended to hurt, damage or kill someone

non-violence-  is a method struggle in which unarmed people confront adversaries by using collective action- including protests, demonstrations, strikes and non-cooperation.

compare violent and non-violent

violent- pushing, pulling, hitting, graffiti, destruction, verbal abuse.

non-violent- chants, silence, signs, posters

identify key statistics that prove chenoweths theory/s to be true

identify at least 2 limitations of Chenoweths theory’s

• Focuses on non-violent movements – Chenoweth’s theory mainly applies to non-violent resistance, so it may not explain violent social movements well.

• Large participation is not always possible – Her theory suggests that movements need around 3.5% of the population

alternative movements & 2eg =

 seek to achieve limited changes within the individual

eg- Rethink the drink= encourages people to reduce alcohol consumption + Slip, slop, slap, seek

redemptive movement & eg =

 advocate for major or radical change within an individual

eg- Major or radical change within individuals= encouraging people to completely form their lives

reformative movement & eg =

seek to change a specific group or society in a limited way, focusing on a particular facet of the social structure to reform society as a whole.

eg- Limited change within society or specific groups

revolutionary movement & eg =

advocate for a reorganisation of society as a whole, through seeking radical change to society.

eg- Major or radical change across society

Emergence stage & link to fight the bite=

the first stage of the movement. There is widespread disconnect but little to no organisation

—> link= in this stage, this began in 2011 when BP secured a lease with the Australian government for oil drilling exploration in the area.

Coalescence stage & link to fight the bite=

the second stage of movement membership grows and strategies are formulated.

—> link= in 2013 the wilderness society launched the fight for the bight campaign. The membership grew significantly. More than 25 local councils, charities and tourism industries joined the campaign.

Bureaucratisation stage & link to fight the bite=

the third stage of the movement. High levels of organisation, with strategy carried out within formal structures.

—> The great Australian bight alliance formed in 2016 led by the wilderness society. In 2016 senator Xenophon commissioned a model of the impact of a potential oil spill in parliament. The movement had major victories with Bp and Chevron cancelling their leases.

Decline stage & link to fight the bite=

The final stage of the movement, where the movement ends, either having achieved or failed to achieve its goals.

—> link= In 2020 Equinor withdrew from its plans to drill in the bight. The movement achieved its explicit aims and is considered to be a success. they have redirected their efforts to rule out drilling in the bight permantley.

reward power & link to drop croc/ opposition=

Reward power is the ability to provide a positive incentive or benefit to encourage others to comply with a particular goal or behaviour.

—> drop croc= Brands that choose not to use crocodile skin can receive positive publicity from campaign supporters, helping them appear more ethical to consumers.

opposition= The Northern Territory government receives economic benefits from crocodile farming, which provides an incentive to maintain the industry. The VCE Sociology text identifies the industry as generating more than $1.7 million per year in Australia.

coercive power & link to drop croc/ opposition=

Coercive power is the ability to provide a consequence or penalty for non-compliance.

—> drop croc= Supporters protest outside stores that sell crocodile-skin products, creating negative publicity and making it more difficult for businesses to operate normally.

opposition= Businesses and government can use their existing economic and political influence to resist pressure for changes to the crocodile farming industry and its laws.

referent power & link to drop croc/ opposition=

Referent power is based on identification with, attraction to or respect for a leader or influential person. This can include celebrities or people with large followings.

—> drop croc= Actress Evanna Lynch posted a photo supporting #DropCroc on Instagram, while Ellen DeGeneres shared information about the campaign. Their large audiences helped spread the movement's message.

opposition= Kylie Jenner and Jamie Chua have promoted crocodile-skin Hermès bags. Their popularity and influence can encourage followers to view these products positively.

legitimate power & link to drop croc/ opposition=

Legitimate power is the ability to influence others because of a formal or recognised position of authority.

—> drop croc= PETA purchased shares in Hermès, allowing the organisation to use its formal rights as a shareholder to campaign for a ban on exotic animal-skin products.

opposition= The government can use its formal authority to regulate the crocodile farming industry, including setting and enforcing rules around crocodile farming and animal welfare.

expert power & link to drop croc/ opposition=

Expert power is based on the belief that a person has superior knowledge, skills or abilities in a particular area.

—> drop croc= Chris Darwin, a renowned conservationist, and Alexi Lubomirski, a prominent fashion photographer, joined #DropCroc and used their knowledge and professional reputations to speak against crocodile skins in fashion.

opposition= Bob Katter, who owns crocodile farms, has publicly supported the industry and stated that crocodile farms follow the Northern Territory government's code of practice.

define the concept of an ‘opposition’ =

Opposition is a group or individual that disagrees with or resists the goals of a social movement and attempts to prevent social change.