health final

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

The five-level model of human needs: physiological, safety, belonging, esteem, and self-actualization.

Mourning

The act of showing sorrow or grief after a loss.

Exercise injury prevention

Ways to avoid exercise injuries, such as dressing for weather, listening to your body, and exercising regularly.

Tobacco use

The single leading preventable cause of death in the United States.

Peer pressure

A feeling that you should do something because friends or peers want you to.

Chronic disease

A disease that develops gradually and continues over a long period of time.

Carbohydrates

The body’s main source of food energy.

Proteins

Nutrients essential for body growth and repair.

Drug

A substance that causes a change in a person’s physical or emotional state.

Hangover

A short-term effect after drinking alcohol, rather than a long-term effect.

Good reason not to drink alcohol

Alcohol can harm the body, it is illegal for people under 21, and it can disappoint parents or guardians.

Enhanced vision

A term that is not a short-term effect of alcohol.

Alcohol’s negative effects on family

Alcohol can contribute to violence, unpredictable behavior, and neglect or isolation of children.

Increased energy

An effect that is not usually considered a short-term effect of tobacco use.

Reasons people begin using drugs

Experimenting, escaping depression or boredom, and engaging in risk-taking behavior.

Endorphins

Chemicals in the brain associated with pleasure and pain relief; they are not an element of the health triangle.

Physical health

Part of the health triangle involving the body, such as getting 8 to 10 hours of sleep each night.

Lifestyle factors

Personal habits or behaviors related to the way a person lives.

Mild depression

A type of depression that is less intense but can last for years.

Cardiovascular system

The body system involving the heart and blood vessels that benefits from regular physical activity.

Elements of fitness

Muscular endurance, flexibility, and cardiorespiratory endurance.

Three stages of a workout

Warm-up, workout, and cool down.

Frostbite

Damage to the skin and tissues caused by extreme cold; it is not a symptom of heat exhaustion.

Types of fats

Trans fats, saturated fats, and unsaturated fats.

Vitamins

Nutrients that consist of two types: water-soluble and fat-soluble.

Food label top items

Serving size, calories, vitamins and minerals, and nutrients.

Self sufficiency

The ability to get along with others; it is not a characteristic of mental and emotional health.

Good Samaritan law

A law that protects people who give emergency care in good faith.

Second-degree burn

A burn that involves both the epidermis and dermis.

Check, Call, Care

The 3 C’s for CPR or emergency response.

Check the victim

The second step in CPR/emergency response after checking the scene and victim.

AED

Automated external defibrillator; a device used during CPR to help restore a normal heart rhythm.

Adult chest compression depth

The recommended depth for adult chest compressions, often taught as about 1.5 to 2 inches.

Infant choking care position

Place the infant on your arm while giving care for choking.

Alcohol and yellow teeth/smelly hair and skin

A false statement; yellow teeth and odor are more commonly connected with tobacco use.

Helping someone feeling suicidal

Have meaningful conversations, show empathy, and offer support.

Belonging

The third level of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs.

Stress management

Identifying what is stressful is the first step in learning how to manage stress.

Happiness

A common emotion involving joy or pleasure.

Sadness

A common emotion involving sorrow or unhappiness.

Anger

A common emotion involving irritation or frustration.

Fear

A common emotion involving worry about danger or threat.

Love

A common emotion involving a reaction to something unexpected.

Guilt

A common emotion involving strong dislike or revulsion.

Universal precautions

Wash hands, wear gloves, wash clothes

Chain of Survival

911, early CPR, early advanced care, and defibrillator

Teen suicide risk age group

Suicide is often taught as a leading cause of death for teens ages 15 to 19.

Suicide risk factors

Strong risk factors include mental disorders and a history of alcohol or other drug abuse.

Phobia

A strong, irrational fear of something specific, such as heights or social situations.

OCD

A disorder that may cause a person to feel apathetic, sad, irritable, or angry.

Panic disorder

A disorder involving sudden attacks of unexplained terror with symptoms such as trembling, increased heart rate, shortness of breath, or dizziness.

Post-traumatic stress disorder

A condition that may develop after exposure to a terrifying event, with symptoms such as flashbacks, nightmares, emotional numbness, guilt, sleeplessness, and problems concentrating.

Generalized anxiety disorder

Exaggerated worry and tension for no clear reason; people with GAD may startle easily and have trouble concentrating, relaxing, and sleeping.

Kleptomania

An impulse-control disorder involving the urge to steal.

Cutting

Self-injury involving cutting the skin.

Pyromania

An impulse-control disorder involving the urge to set fires.

Excessive gambling

An impulse-control problem involving difficulty controlling gambling behavior.

Compulsive behavior

Repeated behavior that feels difficult to resist or stop.

Physiological needs

The first level of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, including basic physical needs like food, water, and sleep.

Safety needs

The second level of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, including security and protection.

Esteem needs

The fourth level of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, including respect, confidence, and achievement.

Self-actualization

The fifth level of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, involving reaching one’s full potential.

Repression

Unconsciously blocking painful thoughts or memories.

Regression

Returning to earlier or less mature behavior when stressed.

Denial

Refusing to accept reality or the truth.

Suppression

Consciously pushing unwanted thoughts or feelings away.

Rationalization

Making excuses to justify behavior or feelings.

Compensation

Making up for a weakness by excelling in another area.

Projection

Blaming others for your own feelings, thoughts, or faults.

PRICE

A first-aid method for injuries that stands for Protection, Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation.

Protection

The P in PRICE; protecting an injury from further harm.

Rest

The R in PRICE; avoiding activity that worsens an injury.

Ice

The I in PRICE; using cold to reduce pain and swelling.

Compression

The C in PRICE; wrapping or applying pressure to reduce swelling.

Elevation

The E in PRICE; raising the injured area to reduce swelling.

Heredity

Traits that were biologically passed on to you from your parents.

Health

A combination of physical, mental/emotional, and social well-being.

Culture

Collective beliefs, customs, and behaviors of a group.

Risk behaviors

Actions that can potentially threaten your health or the health of others.

Cumulative risk

Related risks that increase in effect with each added risk.

Physical fitness

The ability to carry out daily tasks easily and have enough reserve energy to respond to unexpected demands.

Sedentary

Involving little physical activity.

Cardiorespiratory endurance

The ability of the heart, lungs, and blood vessels to send fuel and oxygen to tissues during long periods of activity.

Muscular strength

The amount of force your muscles can exert.

Aerobic exercise

Rhythmic activity that uses large muscle groups for an extended period of time.

Heat exhaustion

A form of physical stress on the body caused by overheating.

Hypothermia

Dangerously low body temperature caused by exposure to extreme cold.

Nutrition

The process by which the body takes in and uses food.

Osteoporosis

A condition in which bones become fragile and break easily.

Calorie

A unit of heat used to measure the energy the body uses and receives from food.

Nutrient-dense

Foods that have a high ratio of nutrients to calories.

CPR

A first-aid procedure that combines rescue breathing and chest compressions to supply oxygen to the body.

Shock

A life-threatening condition in which the heart is not delivering an adequate supply of blood to the body.

Nicotine

The addictive drug found in tobacco leaves.

Stimulant

A drug that increases the actions of the central nervous system, heart, and other organs.

Carbon monoxide

A colorless, odorless, poisonous gas.

Ethanol

Another name for alcohol; a powerful and addictive drug.

Intoxication

The state that occurs when alcohol is consumed faster than the liver can break it down.

Alcohol poisoning

A severe and potentially fatal physical reaction to an alcohol overdose.

Alcoholism

A disease in which a person has a physical or psychological dependence on drinks that contain alcohol.