Chemistry ANIONS /GASES/ CATIONS experiments

Carbonate (Co_3^2-) Anion

Test: Add Dilute acid

Result: Effervescence, Carbon dioxide is produced

Chloride (Cl^´- ) Anion

Test: Add equal Volume of dilute nitirc acid then add aqueous silver nitrate.

Result: White Precipitate

Bromide (Br^- ) Anion

Test: Add equal volume of dilute acid then add aqueous silver nitrate

Result: Cream Precipitate

Sulphate (So₄2-) Anion

Test: Add dilute nitric acid then add aqueous barium nitrate or chloride

Result: White precipitate

Nitrate (No₃^-) Anion

Test: Add aqueous sodium hydroxide (NaOh) then alluminuim foil, warm carefully

Result: Ammonia gas is produced

Iodide (I^-) Anion

Test: Add equal volume of dilute nitric acid then add aqueous silver nitrate

Result: Yellow Precipitate

Hydrogen (H₂) Gases

Test: a lit splint

Result: Gas burns with a squeaky pop

Oxygen: (O₂) Gases

Test: Test with a glowing splint

Result: Splint relights

Chlorine (Cl₂) Gases

Test: Damp blue litmus paper

Result: The blue litmus paper bleached

Carbon Dioxide: (Co₂) Gases

Test: Bubble the gas through limewater

Result: limewater turns milky

Ammonia (NH₃) Gases

Test: use damp red litmus paper

Result: Red litmus paper turns blue

Calcium (Ca ²+) Cations

with NaOH

-result: white preciitate

-insoluble excess

With NH₄(OH)

-result: No precipitate, or very slight white

Iron (Fe³+) Cation

With NaOH:

Result: red brown precipitate insoluble in excess

With NH₄(OH):

Result: red brown precipitate insoluble in exceess

Ammonium (NH₄+) Cations

With NaOH:

result: Ammonia (NH₃) prouced on warning

Iron (II) (Fe ²+) Cations

With NaOH:

Result: Green precipitatee, insoluble in excess

With NH₄(OH):

result: Green Precipitate, insoluble in excess

Copper (II) (Cu2+) Cation

With NaOH:

result: light blue precipitate, soluble in excess

With NH₄(OH):

result: light blue precipitate, soluble in excess giving a dark blue.

Zinc (Zn2+) Cations

with NaoH:

Result: White precipitate, soluble in excess, giving a colourless solution

with NH4(OH)

Result: White precipitate, soluble in excess, giving a colourless solution