honors physiology chapter 4 more

keratin is seen in tissues that

resist friction

which of the following is true of glandular epithelia?

their primary function is secretion

connective tissues

are composed of cells separated by an extracellular substance known as the matrix

connective tissue cells

include immature-blast cells that retain their mitotic ability

a matrix

a) may be fluid, semifluid, gelatinous or calcified

b) is composed of a ground substance plus fibers

why does hyaluronidase enhance the diffusion of injected drugs?

it lowers the viscosity of the matrix of areolar connective tissue

the connective tissue ground substance

plays an active role in how connective tissues migrate and carry out metabolism

all of the following are true of connective tissue fibers EXCEPT:

collagen fibers decrease tissue flexibility

the connective tissue widely distributed in the embryo but scarcely remaining in adult is

mesenchyme

which connective tissue combines with adipose tissue to form the subcutaneous layer that attaches the skin to underlying structures?

areolar

which connective tissue stores triglycerides and provides cushioning and support for organs?

adipose tissue

tendons and ligaments must withstand tension along the axis of their fibers. these structures are composed of

dense regular

which of the following is true of cartilage?

its hyaline form is the most abundant and reduces friction at joints

the connective tissue that stores Ca2+ and supports the body is

bone

the connective tissue that has a liquid matrix is

blood

flat sheets of flexible tissue found covering or lining large portions of the body are

called membranes

a tissue is a group of cells

a) that have similar morphology
b) that have a common embryonic origin
c) that work together to carry out specific functions

which of the following is NOT classified as one of the four basic (primary) types of tissues?

blood

which tissue forms coverings, linings, and glands?

epithelial

which of the primary tissue types detects and responds to changes in the environment in order to maintain homeostasis?

nervous

which of the following are the first tissues that form in the human embryo?

endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm

all of the following are true of cell junctions EXCEPT

some cell junctions fuse the inner surfaces of plasma membranes together

the type of cell junction that prevents the contents of the stomach or urinary bladder from leaking into surrounding tissues is the

tight junction

which cell junctions prevent epidermal cells from separating under tension?

adherens junctions

each of the following cell junctions links cells to each other EXCEPT

hemidesmosomes

a pathologist examines a thin slice of tissue with a microscope and notes numerous cells packed tightly together. no intercellular space or blood vessel is noted between cells, but the cells have polarity. one side of the cells opens into a cavity, and the other is attached to a thin layer of extracellular material. several of the cells are in some stage of mitosis. which primary tissue type does the pathologist see?

epithelial

epithelial tissues are classified based on

d) a and b are correct

the function of the basement membrane is to

anchor epithelial tissues onto underlying connective tissue

which of the following tissues provide the greatest protection from mechanical injury?

stratified squamous epithelium

which modification of columnar epithelium is correctly described?

microvilli : increase surface area for absorption

which of the following is NOT classified as an epithelial membrane?

synovial membrane

which type of membrane is found lining any body cavity that opens directly to the exterior?

mucous

the space between the parietal and visceral layers of a membrane that lines a body cavity that does not open directly to the environment normally contains

serous fluid

muscle tissue

consists of elongated cells called muscle fibers

skeletal muscle tissue

is striated and under voluntary control

cardiac muscle

pumps blood to all parts of the body

smooth muscle tissue is found in all of the following locations EXCEPT

between the ribs

how are the types of muscle tissue alike?

a) both cardiac and skeletal muscle are striated
b) both cardiac and smooth muscle are under involuntary control

which of the following are true of nervous tissue?

it consists of two basic kinds of cells : neurons and neuroglia

some cells have the ability to respond to stimuli by generating signals such as action potentials. these cells are

a) excitable cells
b) neurons
c) muscle fibers

place the tissue listed in ascending order of their capacity for tissue repair

3 nervous tissue, 6 cardiac muscle, 2 skeletal muscle, 4 smooth muscle, 1 bone, 5 epithelial tissue

group of cells with common origin, similar structure and specific function

tissue

forms glands, coverings and linings ; high degree of cellularity ; avascular

epithelial tissue

contractile tissue ; cells called fibers ; 2 forms striated ; 2 under involuntary control

muscle tissue

web like strands of transmembrane proteins, fuse outer surfaces of cells together, prevents leakage between cells

tight junctions

each of the following cell junctions links cells to each other EXCEPT

hemidesmosomes

act as "spot welds", hold cells together with cadherins, stabilizes epidermis

demosomes

lines heart and blood vessels, forms walls of air sacs in lungs

simple squamous epithelium

lines kidney tubules and covers surface of ovary

simple cuboidal epithelium

lines Fallopian (uterine) tubes, some parts of upper respiratory tract

ciliated simple columnar epithelium