Greek Mythology Mid term

theogony

birth of the gods

anthropomorphic

having human characteristics

a/etiology

the study of causes

xenia

guest/ host relations

Hesiod

Greek writer of Theogony and Works and Days, starts his epics with prayer to the muses, calls on calliope

muses

goddess that inspire

chaos

abyss and nothingness before things were created

gaea

goddess representing earth

tartours

the underworld

Gaea and Ouranos

primordial parents of the titans (giants), cyclops (Hesiod didn’t like) and hundred handers ( Hesiod sent them to tartorus)

Cronus and his children

• married to his sister Rhea

• hears an oracle that one of his children will overthrow him so he eats the children he had with Rhea

• Zeus, Hades, Poseidon, Hera, Demeter, Hestia

• Zeus spirited away and saves his siblings

Prometheus

• a titan who stole fire to give to humans

• tricked zeus + other gods into picking the wrong sacrifce

  • fat covering bones or stomach covering good meat

Prometheus’ Punishment

• chained to a rock where his liver gets eaten by a vulture every day

• liver regenerates

• punishment for being a “cardinal sinner'

Pandora

• famous for her box that carries all the evils of the world inside

  • she can’t help but looks inside it and releases all the of them except hope

• gives this box to Prometheus’ brother Epimetheus who opens it

  • Prometheus told him not to

• women are seen as a great evil

Zeus

• Roman name - Jupiter

  • king of the gods, weatherer, god of prophecy and justice

Hades

• Roman name - Pluto

  • ruler of the underworld

Poseidon

• Roman name - Neptune

  • god of the sea

Hera

• Roman name - Juno

  • goddess of marriage

Demeter

• Roman name - Ceres

  • goddess of the harvest, agriculture

Hestia

• Roman name - vestia

  • goddess of the hearth (fire/home)

Hephaestus

• Roman name - Vulcan

  • god of craftsmanship

Ares

• Roman name - Mars

  • god of war

Apollo

• Roman name - Apollo

  • god of music, prophecy, medicine/plague

Artemis

• Roman name - Diana

  • goddess of childbirth, the hunt,

Athena

• Roman name - minerva

  • goddess of wisdom, war

Aphrodite

• Roman name - Venus

  • goddess of sex

Hermes

• Roman name - Mercury

  • messenger god

Dionysius

• Roman name - Bacchus

  • god of wine, excess, and ecstasy

Metis (Wisdom), Zeus and Athena

• Metis had an affair with Zeus

• Zeus receives a prophecy that their child will overthrow him

  • he eats her

• Zeus develops a headache, Hephaestus hits him in the head, and Athena is born from his forehead fully armed while Metis is still inside him