Pharmacology Study Guide: TB Medications, Antifungals, Malaria Drugs & Key Interactions

These flashcards cover key concepts and vocabulary related to TB medications, antifungals, malaria drugs, and nursing interventions.

Fluconazole

An antifungal medication commonly used to treat fungal infections.

Nystatin

An antifungal medication effective against Candida infections.

Clotrimazole

An antifungal agent used to treat skin and mucosal infections.

Amphotericin B

An antifungal medication known for causing nephrotoxicity.

Hepatotoxicity

Liver damage caused by certain medications, including some antifungals and TB drugs.

GI upset

Gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea and vomiting, commonly seen with antifungals.

Nephrotoxicity

Kidney damage caused by medications, particularly Amphotericin B.

LFTs

Liver function tests used to monitor liver health during medication therapy.

Rifampin

A first-line TB medication causing orange discoloration of body fluids.

Isoniazid (INH)

A TB medication associated with peripheral neuropathy.

Pyrazinamide (PZA)

A TB drug known for causing hyperuricemia and joint pain.

Ethambutol

A TB medication that can lead to optic neuritis.

Vitamin B6

Supplement administered with Isoniazid to prevent neuropathy.

Streptomycin

An aminoglycoside antibiotic used in TB treatment causing ototoxicity.

Ototoxicity

Ear damage that can occur from certain medications, such as Streptomycin.

Nephrotoxicity

Potential kidney damage from medications such as Streptomycin.

Penicillin G

A type of penicillin antibiotic used to treat various infections.

Penicillin V

An oral penicillin antibiotic effective against bacterial infections.

Amoxicillin

A broad-spectrum penicillin antibiotic used for various infections.

Ampicillin

An injectable penicillin antibiotic used for serious infections.

Piperacillin-Tazobactam

A combination antibiotic effective against resistant bacteria.

Allergic reactions

Immune responses that may occur with penicillin antibiotics.

Anaphylaxis

A severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction.

Metronidazole (Flagyl)

An antibiotic that increases the effects of Warfarin.

Warfarin

An anticoagulant medication used to prevent blood clots.

PT/INR

Prothrombin time/international normalized ratio, tests to monitor blood clotting.

Bleeding risk

Increased chance of bleeding due to drug interactions with Warfarin.

Hydroxychloroquine

A medication used to prevent and treat malaria, associated with retinal damage.

Retinal damage

Potential ocular harm caused by long-term use of Hydroxychloroquine.

Blurred vision

A vision change that may indicate a side effect of Hydroxychloroquine.

Baseline eye exam

Initial vision assessment conducted before starting Hydroxychloroquine.

TB treatment

Requires combination therapy, often referred to as RIPE therapy.

Rifampicin

Isoniazid

Pyrazinamide

Ethambutol

Alcohol avoidance

Recommended due to hepatotoxicity risks with certain medications.

Numbness

A sensory change that should be reported while on TB medications.

Tingling

A sensation that may indicate peripheral nerve effects from Isoniazid.

Vision changes

Symptoms that need immediate reporting during Hydroxychloroquine treatment.

Orange discoloration

Side effect of Rifampin, affecting body fluids.

Peripheral neuropathy

Nerve damage that may occur with Isoniazid use.

Hyperuricemia

Elevated uric acid levels often seen with Pyrazinamide.

Joint pain

A possible adverse effect of Pyrazinamide.

Optic neuritis

Inflammation of the optic nerve, potential side effect of Ethambutol.

Red-green color blindness

A visual impairment associated with Ethambutol usage.

Monitor hearing

Important nursing intervention for patients on Streptomycin.

Monitor BUN/creatinine

Routine checks in patients receiving nephrotoxic medications.

Epinephrine availability

Essential in case of anaphylaxis due to penicillin allergies.

Complete full course

Crucial education for patients taking antibiotics and antifungals.

Patient education

Informing patients about potential side effects and necessary monitoring.

Adverse effects

Negative reactions that can occur with medication use.

Nursing interventions

Actions taken by nurses to ensure patient safety during medication therapy.

Malaria medication

Drugs like Hydroxychloroquine that prevent or treat malaria.

Antifungal medications

Drugs used to treat infections caused by fungi.

TB Medications

Drugs used to treat tuberculosis, often in combination therapy.