Function in Animal Tissues

These flashcards cover key concepts regarding animal tissue structure, function, and the integration of organ systems as discussed in the lecture.

What is the key theme linking structure and function in biology?

The correlation of structure and function.

Why does the laryngeal nerve in adult giraffes have a long pathway?

It makes a 15-foot journey due to evolutionary adaptations that connect to larger structures during development.

What are the four main categories of animal tissues?

Epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue.

What are the three shapes of epithelial tissue?

Squamous, cuboidal, and columnar.

How is stratified squamous epithelium characterized?

It has multiple layers of squamous cells.

What type of connective tissue is responsible for attaching muscles to bones?

Fibrous connective tissue.

What is the primary function of adipose tissue?

To store fat.

What are the three types of muscle tissue in vertebrates?

Skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and smooth muscle.

What is the function of nervous tissue?

To sense stimuli and rapidly transmit information through neurons.

What organ systems are involved in gas exchange with the environment?

The respiratory and circulatory systems.

What are the two major layers of the skin?

The epidermis and the dermis.

How does the skin help regulate body temperature?

Through mechanisms such as sweating and changing blood flow.

What is homeostasis?

The regulation of the internal environment to maintain stable conditions.

What is the role of negative feedback mechanisms?

To keep internal variables steady around set points.

What are some functions of the integumentary system?

Protects against physical injury, infection, and regulates temperature.

How do the kidneys contribute to the urinary system?

They remove waste products from the blood and regulate chemical makeup, pH, and water balance.

In the context of evolution, why is the structure of the laryngeal nerve considered a historical adaptation?

Because it reflects an evolutionary pathway that was suitable for ancestral forms, not necessarily for current ones.