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Pearson's r

A measure of the linear relationship between two continuous, normally distributed variables, ranging from -1 to 1, indicating direction and strength.

Interpretation of Pearson's r

Values of 1 show perfect positive linear relationship, -1 perfect negative linear relationship, and 0 no linear relationship; values close to 1 or -1 indicate strong, while close to 0 indicate weak relationships.

Spearman's rho

A non-parametric measure of rank correlation, assessing the relationship between variables using a monotonic function without assumptions about variable distribution.