General Physics 2: Chapter 22- Electric Fields

Electric Field

Vector field surrounding charged particles excepting attractive and repulsive forces on each other

Test Charge

charge used to measure the strength and direction of electrical fields

Electric Field Unit

Newtons per Coulomb

Force vs Field

Field is independent of a test charge

Micheal Faraday

came up with the concept of electric field lines, providing a visual representation of the field

Electric field lines

Imaginary lines used to visualize the direction and strength of an electric field at any point

Electric Field equation

E=1/4pie₀ x q/r²r

Principle of Superposition

net response caused by multiple stimuli is the sum of the responses that would have been caused by each stimuli individually

Electric field magnitude equation

E=1/4pie₀ x q/r²

Electric Dipole

when two patters of electric field lines have the same magnitude but opposite signs

Electric dipole moment

magnitude from the product of charge and distance

Dipole field vs single charge field

distance decreases more rapidly due to equal magnitude and opposite charges, the charges almost cancel

How is the charge of larger objects calculated?

through integration, E=qz/4pie₀(z²+R²)^3/2

At what point is net charge 0?

center of a ring when z=0

Electric field ring (equation)

E=qz/4pie₀(z²+R²)^3/2

External Field

exists outside a defined system or object and affects it without being an inherent property or part of the system itself

Electrostatic field equation

F=qE

Millikan

First to measure the elementary charge

At what point does electrical breakdown occur?

When magnitude reaches the value E_c and the field begins to remove electrons from the air

Dipole Torque equation

t=pe

Potential energy of a dipole (equation)

u=-pe

Point charge

hypothetical charge located at a single point in space

How do field lines behave?

extend away from positive charge (origin) towards termination site (negative charge).