Photosystems and Electron Flow

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20 Terms

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Photosynthesis
________ involves increases and decreases in the energy of an electron as it moves from PSII through PSI to NADPH.
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H2O
________ is split by enzymes, and the electrons are transferred from the hydrogen atoms to P680+, thus reducing it to P680.
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Energy
________ released by the fall drives the creation of a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane.
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Diffusion of H+
________ (protons) across the membrane drives ATP synthesis.
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Photosystem I
________ boosts the electron to an even higher energy level.
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light harvesting complexes
The ________ (pigment molecules bound to proteins) funnel the energy of photons to the reaction center.
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photosystem
A(n) ________ consists of a.
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Solar
________- powered transfer of an electron from a chlorophyll a molecule to the primary electron acceptor is the first step of the light reactions.
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PSII
Light excites the electron in ________.
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pigment molecules
A photon hits a pigment and its energy is passed among ________ until it excites P680.
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Cyclic electron flow
________ generates surplus ATP, satisfying the higher demand in the Calvin cycle.
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Electron
________ on a nonexcited pigment molecule in PSII starts with the lowest energy.
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Cyclic electron flow
________ produces ATP, but not NADPH.
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During the light reactions, there are two possible routes for electron flow
cyclic and linear
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Linear electron flow
the primary pathway; involves both photosystems and produces ATP and NADPH using light energy
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Cyclic electron flow
uses only photosystem I  and produces ATP, but not NADPH
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A photosystem consists of
reaction-center complex (a type of protein complex)

surrounded by light-harvesting complexes
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Light-harvesting complexes
pigment molecules bound to proteins; funnel the energy of photons to the reaction center
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First step of the light reactions
Solar-powered transfer of an electron from a chlorophyll a molecule to the primary electron acceptor
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Z Scheme
Light excites the electron in PSII

Photosystem I boosts the electron to an even higher energy level

Each electron “falls” down an electron transport chain from the primary electron acceptor of PS I to the protein ferredoxin (Fd)

The electrons are then transferred to NADP+ and reduce it to NADPH

The electrons of NADPH are available for the reactions of the Calvin cycle