SOLIDS LIQUIDS AND GASES

Features of solids (2)

Particles are very close together, vibrate in fixed position, fixed shape and volume

Features of liquids (2)

Particles very close together, move and flow past each other, fixed volume but change shape and fill container

Features of gas (2)

Particles are far apart, move randomly in all directions, change shape and volume, fill container

What are three disadvantages of simple sphere model

forces between particles not shown, shows particles as spheres, shows particles as solids

What is melting

solids to liquid

What is boiling

liquid to gas

What is freezing

liquid to solid

What is condensation

gas to liquid

What happens when a substance is heated

particles absorb energy, particles vibrate and weaken intermolecular forces, particles can spread out further and change state

What happens when a substance is cooled

thermal energy is lost, particles move slower and are attracted to each other more

What are strong forces

more energy is required to overcome them

What is the state symbol for solids

s

What is the state symbol for liquids

l

What is the state symbol for gas

g