Cell Division and the Cell Cycle

These flashcards cover key concepts related to cell division and the cell cycle, including mitosis, meiosis, and the roles of DNA.

What are the main reasons for cell division?

Reproduction, growth, and repair.

What does the DNA in the nucleus contain?

Instructions for all of the cell’s activities.

What is the Cell Cycle?

The series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide.

What marks the beginning of the Cell Cycle?

The time a cell is first formed from a dividing parent cell.

What happens during the cell cycle?

A cell grows, prepares for division, divides during mitosis, and undergoes cytokinesis.

What is mitosis?

The division of a body cell to make 2 new body cells with identical genetic material.

How many divisions occur during mitosis?

One division occurs, creating 2 new identical cells.

How many chromosomes do each daughter cell have in humans after mitosis?

46 chromosomes.

What is cytokinesis?

The final stage of mitosis when the cytoplasm divides, forming two daughter cells.

What are the two types of cell division?

Mitosis and Meiosis.

How many divisions occur during meiosis?

Two divisions create 4 unique daughter cells.

What are the types of sex cells produced by meiosis?

Sperm (male sex cells) and Egg (female sex cells).

How many chromosomes do sex cells have in humans?

23 chromosomes.

What is the outcome of meiosis?

Produces 4 new sex cells with half the original DNA.

What is the purpose of meiosis?

To create unique sex cells for reproduction.

What is the relationship between mitosis and cytokinesis?

Cytokinesis is the process that concludes mitosis by dividing the cytoplasm.

What is the cell cycle's significance?

It represents the life of a cell from formation to division.

Why are daughter cells produced by mitosis identical?

They have the same genetic material as the parent cell.

What is the difference between body cells and sex cells?

Body cells undergo mitosis while sex cells undergo meiosis.

What is the result of a single division in mitosis?

2 new daughter cells that are genetically identical.

What happens to DNA during the cell cycle?

It replicates and is distributed equally to daughter cells.