APUSH Second semester review

westward expansion

Gold rush, transcontinental RR, dawes act, chinese exclusion act

gilded age

mark twain, robber barrons, laissez faire, muckrackers

industrial revolution

america is economic power, people move to cities, lots of jobs

imperialism

hawaii-spanish american war, america is world power, dominates western hemisphere

world war I

american isolationism, world must be made safe for democracy, U.S turns tide of the war

roaring 20s

flappers, harlem renaissance, scopes trial, consumerism

great depression and new deal

stock market crash, overproduction, high tariffs, wealth inequality

world war II

isolationism, depression led to totalitarianism, new technologies, birth of U.N

beginning of cold war

ideological differences (arms race, space race, idea war) containment, Truman fall of china

civil rights movement

montgomery bus boycott, organized movement, television, JFK+LBJ

vietnam war

domino theory, containment in east asia, escalation under johnson, nixon detente

rise of conservatism

reaction to warren court decision + 60's/70's social movements, immigration restriction, tax cuts

end of cold war

reagan doctrine/proxy wars, military spending bankrupts USSR, collapse allows for more democracy

modern era

domestic challenges-24 hour media, congress limits executive, middle east problems

end of reconstruction/great betrayal

1876/1877

gilded age year

1890's

spanish american war

1898

the great war

1914-1917

bolshevik revolution

1917

World War II Years (complete)

1939-1945

cold war

1945-1991

korean conflict/police action

1950

montgomery bus boycott

1955

sherman anti-trust act/frontier is closed

1890

progressive era

1900-1914

"seperate but equal" doctrine begins

1896

first red scare

1914

stock market crash-"Black tuesday"

1929

Pearl harbor attack

December 7th, 1941

Vietnam conflict

1965-1975

Brown v Board of Education

1954

Rutherford B Hayes

His fradulency, election of 1876 gave him a victory and signified the end of reconstruction

Donald trump

"Make America Great Again" campaign, first stimmulus package during COVID pandemic, only president to be impeached twice: foreign government collusion and inciting a riot

Rutherford B Hayes Pt. 2

Republican winner after the compromise of 1876; ended reconstruction

herbert hoover

"rugged individualism" reconstruction finance company, Hawley smoot tariff, turned bonus army away, head of food admin during WWI refused to give money directly to citizens

Andrew Garfield

assasinated by charles Guiteau. His assassination caused reforms to the spoils system/patrionage

Bill Clinton

balanced budget, proposed universal health care, impeached because of lying to grand jury, welfare to work plan

Chester A. Aurthur

very forgettably president, signed off on the pnedleton act, which ended the spoils system, Chinese Exclusion Act

Benjamin Harrison

in favor of high tariffs in the late 1880's Sherman anti trust act, sherman silver purchase act, very forgettably

william howard taft

first ex president to become supreme court justice, trustbuster, dollars for bullets diplomacy, progressive prez 16th and 17th amendments, more power to the intersstate commerce commission

George H.W. Bush

"read my lips: No new taxes" persian gulf war president, oversaw breaking up of soviet union

william mckinley

spanish american war, annexed hawaii, imperialist, assassinated by anarchist Leon Czlgosz

Grover Cleveland

only prez to serve two non consecutive terms, panic of 1893 due to railroad speculation, pullman strike

eisenhower

former supreme allied commander during WWII, ended korean war, federal highway act, warned of the military industrial compex, Little rock 9, used CIA in Vietnam, economic aid in middle east

Obama

Affordable care act, ended US involvement in Iraq, stimulus package to help end the recession of 2008, effectively ended the mortgage crisis

Harry S. Truman

dropped the atomic bomb on japan to end WWII, marshall plan to help prevent the spread of communism, criticized for china becoming communist, rssian dev. of atomic bomb, used newly created CIA to stop the spread of communism (containment), desegregated the military, fair deal, McCarthyism began

Ronald Reagan

given credit for ending the cold war, esalated military spending to bankrupt the USSR, used us support ot help prevent other ounctries from becoming communist (greneda, nicaragua), Iran Contra Affair, "Tear Down this wall," Trickle-down economics

Woodrow wilson

progressive president, resegregated washington DC, president during WWI, Moral dipolmacy, sent US troops to Haiti to protect US interests, created plan for post-war, world and plans for leaue of nations, pure food and drug act, strengthened the interstate commerce commission, clayton anti-trust act

Joe Biden

Democratic winner of the 2020 election, 2nd stimulus payments to help escape COVID recession, became president after riots in Washington D.C on Jan. 6th

LBJ

Great society domestic program, war on poverty, used gulf of tonkin incident to escalate war in Vietnam to over half a million US troops, believed heavily in domino theory, civil rights act of 1964, voting rights act of 1965, selma march response

George W. Bush

president at the time of 9/11, creation of Dept. of Homeland Security and USA patriot act, no child left behind policy, massive tax cuts for the rich, and massive debt due to military spending on the war on terror in Afghanistan and Iraq

Warren G. Harding

"return to normalcy" reapot dome scandal, very corrupt cabinet, died of a heart attack

Jimmy Carter

Iran Hostage crisis, oil crisis, camp david accords, stagflation, returned control of canal to panama

Gerald Ford

pardoned Nixon, CIA became under the purview of Congress, ends all US involvement in Vietnam

Theodore Roosevelt

trustbuster, progressive, formed the Bull Moose Party, meat inspection act, square deal, fought in the spanish american war, consercationist, modified the monroe doctrine, big stick policy, great white fleet, "best president ever" - Joe Sherwin, started panama canal, panamanian independence

calvin coolidge

"the business of America is Business" lassiez faire, consermism. Roaring 20s

JFK

Set goals for space race, bay of pigs, cuban missile cris, freedom riders, building of the berlin wall, sent military advisors to vietnam, new frontier, age of camelot, killed by Lee harvey oswald

Richard Nixon

detente, invaded cambodia, kent and jackson state massacres, decreased troop levels/increased bombing, 26th amendment, ended the draft, vietnamization, visited communist china, watergate, only president to ever resign

Bush v. Gore

disputed election because of florida voting machines, supeme court finally stopped all recounts

Hayes v. Tilden

highly contested and disputed election, alleged rigged election machines, and increased mail-in votes

Hayes v. TIlden pt. 2

caused violence; eventually democratic candidate was sworn in on Jan. 20th election that showed that populist movement had political power, even though william Jennings Bryan lost to William McKinley: lasseiz faire policies continued

Taft v. Woodrow v. Roosevelt

election that "split" the republican vote because of the progressive party and Teddy Roosevelt

Roosevelt v. Hayes

Election was a landslide victory for the Dem. Americans demanded changes to fix the problems of the Great Depression

JFK v. Nixon

first televised debates and election results; greatly changed how americans view candidates

hayes v. Tilden

post civil war election that ended reconstruction and began an almost 100 year period of racial discrimination, disenfranchisement, and segregation to African Americans in the south

Sitting Bull

he and crazy horse won a decisive victory at the battle of little big horn

Frederick Jackson Turner

his "thesis" stated that by 1890, the frontier was gone

Emmitt Till

14 year old lynched in 1955 after allegedly whistling at a white woman: fuel for civil rights movement

Rosa Parks

NAACP started the montgomery bus boycott because of her actions; not the first!!

George Custer

cocky US general who was slaughtered with his 600 men vs. 6000 Indians at the Battle of the Little Big Horn, AKA hs "last stand"

Lincoln Steffens

Muckraker wrote "shame of the Cities" about immigrant life in tenements and workplace

Alfred Thayer Mahan

wrote "The Influence of Sea Power", influenced presidents to have powerful Navies

A. Phillip Randolph

Proposed a march on washington during WWII for job equality, eventually led to march on washington for jobs and freedom in 1963

William Jennings Bryan

democratic presidential candidate in 1863, promoted populist ideas, cross of gold speech, represented the prosecution in the scopes monkey trial

Andrew Carnegie

Big businessman who had monopoly in steel, eventually sold his company to JP morgan for $1/2 Billion to form US Steel, utilized vertical integration, Gospel of Wealth

Robert LaFollette

"fighting bob" wisoncisin progressive senator who proposed many reforms that eventually became law

Eleanor Roosevelt

First lady to FDR, promoted the rights of the minorities including Marion Anderson

Huey P. Long

biggest critic of FDR's New Deal, from LA, "share our wealth" plan

Charles Coughlin

catholic priest with radio addresses to criticize FDR's New Deal

Joseph McCarthy

Wisconsin senator who accused many prominent Hollywood personalities, military serviceman, and government officials of being traitors and communist sympathizers

Mary M. Bethune

African American civil rights activist: she was the leader of the black cabinet: an unofficial cabinet of African American leaders to help assist FDR in addressing the problems of African Americans

A. Mitchell Palmer

Attourney General who had is home bombed and then set out on a campaign to "raid" the homes of suspected radicals: many were jailed and deported after WWI

Chief Joseph

Nez Perce leader who was broken by native american assimilation and the indian wars

Joseph Stalin

leader of communist russia after the death of Vladmir Lenin, member of the big 3 totalitarian leaders, cold war rival

Franz Ferdinand

Nephew of the king of austria-hungary, assassinated by a member of the black hand society

Malcolm X

Founder of the Nation of Islam, Norther civil rights leader during the modern civil rights movement. Advocated for seperatism, Killed in 1968

Henry Cabot Lodge

nativist, vocal rtici of wilson's league of nations, wrote 14 reservations about american involvement in world afairs, helped america to return to Isolationism

Herbert Spencer

theorized that the poor were poor because of an evolutionary flaw: social darwinism

Nat Love

African American Cowboy who took advantage of cattle trails and the open range after the civil war

Upton Sinclare

wrote "The Jungle" about horrible condition sin Chicago meat-packing plants

Ida Tarbell

wrote "the history of standard oil" and helped stop unfair business practices

Ida B. Wells

Wrote "the red recor" about African American Lynchings, helped to form the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People in 1909 (NAACP)

Booker T. Washington

Wrote "the atlanta compromise" and believed that African Americans should work in agriculture to prove their equality, believed in segregation; helped create first AA college: tuskegee

Charles Lindbergh

Made the first non-stop transatlantic flight in 1927

Alice Paul

women suffragette and a major figure of the national woman's party: hunger strikes, marches, demonstrations, imprisonment

Sanco and Vanzetti

two italian anarchist immigrants executed during the 1920's because of fears of radical immigratns overthrowing the US government

Benito Mousolini

fascist leader of italy during WWII, IL duce, March on Rom, invasion of ethiopia and Albania

John Scopes

Tennessee teacher who taught Darwin's theory of evolution in his classroom; his trial was also known as the Monkey Trial: Fundamentalism vs. new ideas

MLK

primary leader of the southern portion of the modern Sivil Rights leader, SCLC member, used nonviolence, passive resistance, and civil disobedience to enact change. "I have a dream"

Henry Bessemer

Created a new way to process steel. Andrrew Carnegie was able to monopolize his process to make Carnegie Steel the largest and most powerful steel company