Membrane Transport (4)

What is passive transport?

Movement across a membrane without using cellular energy.

What is active transport?

Movement across a membrane that requires ATP.

What is diffusion?

Movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration.

Does diffusion require ATP?

No.

What is osmosis?

The movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane.

Does osmosis require ATP?

No.

What is filtration?

Movement of water and small substances through a membrane due to pressure.

Does filtration require ATP?

No.

Where does filtration occur in the body?

In the kidneys, especially at the glomerulus.

Where does diffusion occur in the body?

For example, oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange in the lungs.

Where does osmosis occur in the body?

For example, in the kidneys during urine formation.

Where does active transport occur in the body?

For example, in kidney tubules and intestinal cells.

What direction does diffusion move substances?

From high concentration to low concentration.

What direction does active transport move substances?

Against the concentration gradient, from low concentration to high concentration.

What does active transport require?

ATP/energy.

What is endocytosis?

A process where the cell membrane brings material into the cell.

What is exocytosis?

A process where a cell releases material outside the cell.

What is phagocytosis?

"Cell eating"; taking in large particles such as bacteria or debris.

What is pinocytosis?

"Cell drinking"; taking in extracellular fluid and dissolved substances.

What is receptor-mediated endocytosis?

Endocytosis in which specific substances bind to receptors before being taken into the cell.

What is the difference between endocytosis and exocytosis?

Endocytosis brings materials in; exocytosis sends materials out.

What type of endocytosis takes in large particles?

Phagocytosis.

What type of endocytosis takes in fluid?

Pinocytosis.

What type of endocytosis uses specific receptors?

Receptor-mediated endocytosis.