Studied by 3 people
anti-natalist policies
government policies that to decrease the birth rate
arithmetic density
number of people/square unit of area
asylum seeker
migrant seeking a safe place to stay in a different country, hoping for refugee status
baby boom
an increase in birth rate after a war or other disaster
baby bust
a decrease in birth rate after the baby boom
birth deficit
a decrease in birth rate during a war or other disaster
brain drain
when all the intelligent people/skilled workers leave a country in search of better opportunities
carrying capacity
the maximum number of people an area can support
chain migration
when one person moves, causing other family and friends to follow them
cohort
groups of ages on a population pyramid (0-5, 6-10, 11-15, etc)
crude birth rate
number of births during the year
crude death rate
number of deaths during the year
demographers
an expert in the study of statistics relating to the changing structure of human populations
demographics
statistics relating to the population
demographic transition model
a theory which refers to the historical shift from high birth rates and high death rates to low birth rates and low death rates, as societies attain more technology, education (especially of women) and economic development.
demography
the study of statistics such as births, deaths, income, or the incidence of disease, which illustrate the changing structure of human populations
dependency ration
the ratio of the number of people younger than 15 and older than 64 to the number of working people (15-65)
doubling time
the period it takes for a population to double in size, assuming a constant rate of growth
echo
the generation born after baby boomers
emigration
leaving a country
epidemiological transition model
describes the changing patterns of health and disease in a population as it transitions through different stages of development
forced migration
The movement of people involuntarily due to conflict, disaster, or other coercive forces
guest worker
A person who temporarily migrates to another country for work
immigration
The act of moving to a new country to live permanently
immigration quota
A limit on the number of immigrants allowed into a country each year
infant mortality rate
The number of deaths of infants under one year old per 1,000 live births in a given year
internal migration
Movement within a country's borders
internally displaced persons
People who have been forced to leave their homes but remain within their country's borders
intervening obstacles
Factors that hinder migration
intervening opportunities
Opportunities that arise during migration which cause a person to settle in a different place than originally planned
life expectancy
The average number of years a person is expected to live
Malthusian theory
The theory that population growth will outpace food production, leading to widespread famine
medical revolution
Advances in medical knowledge and technology that have led to improved health and increased life expectancy
migration
The movement of people from one place to another
migration flow
The movement patterns of people from one area to another
natural increase rate
The difference between the number of births and the number of deaths in a population
neo
Malthusians
net migration rate
The difference between the number of immigrants and the number of emigrants per 1,000 population
overpopulation
When the number of people exceeds the carrying capacity of the environment
pandemic
A disease that spreads across a large geographic area and affects a large proportion of the population
physiological density
The number of people per unit area of arable land
population distribution
The spatial arrangement of people within a given area
population pyramid
A graphical representation of the age and sex distribution of a population
pronatalist policies
Policies that encourage people to have more children
pull factor
Factors that attract people to a new location
push factor
Factors that encourage people to leave their current location
Ravenstein's law of migration
Theories about migration patterns and trends developed by E.G. Ravenstein
refugee
A person who has been forced to leave their country due to persecution, war, or violence
remittances
Money sent by migrants back to their home country
selective migration
Migration policies that favor certain groups of people
sex ratio
The number of males per 100 females in a population
slavery
The practice of owning individuals as property
step migration
Migration to a distant destination that occurs in stages
total fertility rate
The average number of children a woman will have during her lifetime
transhumance migration
The seasonal movement of people and livestock between highland and lowland pastures
transnational migration
Migration across national borders
unauthorized immigrants
People who enter or stay in a country without legal permission
voluntary migration
Movement based on one's own choice
xenophobia
The fear or dislike of foreigners or people from different cultures
