Studied by 2 peopleInsulin
________- hormone that facilitates the movement of glucose from blood into the cells of the body.
Teratogen
________- environmental substance that has the potential to harm the developing organism.
Glycogen
________- starchy molecule that is produced from excess glucose in the body.
Hallucinogenic
________- drug that simultaneously excites and inhibits normal neural activity, thereby causing distortions in perception.
Suprachiasmatic nucleus
________ (SCN)- group of cells signaling other areas when to be aroused and when to shut down.
Stimulant
________- drug that speeds up normal brain functioning.
Assimilation
________- process by which an existing schema is used to understand something new in the environment.
Accommodation
________- process by which schema change in order to understand something new in the environment.
Enuresis
________- condition in which a person over 5 shows an inability to control urination during sleep.
Estrus
________- period of "heat "in which females are receptive to males 'attempts to mate.
THC
________- active ingredient in marijuana that affects learning, short- term memory, coordination, emotion, and appetite.
Incubation
________- period of not thinking about a problem that helps to solve the problem.
Nightmare
________- brief scary REM dream that is often remembered.
Representativeness
________- reliance on the degree of categorization to judge whether or not it belongs.
Inductive
________ reasoning- reasoning from the specific to the general.
Instinct
________- innate impulse from within a person that directs or motivates behavior.
Morpheme
________- smallest unit of sound in a language that have meaning.
Cognition
________- way in which we use and store information in memory.
Mediators
________ tend to have large ones, People with small ones more susceptible to PTSD.
MRI
________- uses magnetic energy (uses blood flow)
Libido
________- one's physical desire, or drive, to have sex.
neural impulse consisting
The release of the ________ of a reversal of the electrical charge within the axon when the threshold of excitation is reached.
Mere exposure
________ effect- idea that increased familiarity with something leads to increased liking for it.
Centration
________- act of focusing on only one aspect or feature of an object.
Response
________ set theory of hypnosis- hypnosis is not an altered state of consciousness, but a cognitive set responding to suggestions.
Manifest content
________- according to Freud, what the dreamer recalls on awakening.
Insomnia
________- sleep disorder in which a person can not get to sleep and /or stay asleep.
Sensitive Period
________- time when genetic and environmental agents are most likely to cause birth defects.
Tiny neural networks
________ in the spinal cord block pain signals from a particular part of the body when they receive additional signals from intense tactile stimulation being applied to the same part of the body.
Egocentrism
________- belief that everyone thinks as you do.
Withdrawal
________ symptom- physical or behavioral effect that occurs after a person stops using a drug.
Temperament
________- person's general pattern of attention, arousal, and mood that is evident at birth.
Interactionism
________- perspective that our genes and environmental influences work together to determine our characteristics.
Kinesthesis
________- the sense of our body parts position and movement.
Deductive
________ reasoning- reasoning from the general to the specific.
Latent content
________- according to Freud, the symbolic meaning of a dream.
Overextension
________- when a child uses one word to symbolize all manner of similar instances.
Noise
________ can affect stress, learning.
Attachment
________- emotional bond between an infant and someone or something.
Exemplar
________- mental representation of an actual instance of a member of a category.
Genotype
________- inherited genetic pattern for a given trait.
Trichromatic theory
________- Three types of cones, Blue red green.
transitional period
Emerging adulthood- ________ when young people have left adolescence but have not yet assumed adult responsibilities.
Menarche
________- first menstruation of a female.
Neurons
________ fire only in response to certain stimuli; they detect specific features of what we see.
Conservation
________- understanding that an object retains its original properties even though it may look different.
Phoneme
________- smallest unit of sound in a language.
Ions
________- charged particles.
metabolic rate
Resting ________- degree to which we burn energy in our bodies when not active.
Imaginary audience
________- belief held by adolescents that everyone is watching what they do.
Chapter 1
The Science of Psychology
Psychology
the scientific study of behavior and mental processes
The Scientific Method
a systematic process used to test ideas about behavior
Theory
an explanation of why and how a behavior occurs
Pseudopsychology
ideas without research support
-Observer effect
tendency of people or animals to behave differently from normal when they know they are being observed
Quasi
Experiment
Ethics committees
IRB
Chapter 2
Neuroscience
Ions
charged particles
Inside neuron
negatively charged
The ForeBrain
The limbic system
CAT scan
x rays
MRI
uses magnetic energy (uses blood flow)
PET
Measures readoactive blood
EEG
Measures Electrical waves using electrodes
Chapter 3
Sensation and Perception
Wavelength (Hue)
color
Saturation
Purity of perceived color
Trichromatic theory
Three types of cones, Blue red green
Protanopia
lack of functioning red cones
Deuteranopia
lack of functioning green cones
Tritanopia
lack of functioning blue cones
Volley Theory
proposes that pitch is decoded by firing frequency of hair cells on the basilar membrane
EX
rubbing a stubbed toe to diminish the pain
Kinesthesis
the sense of our body parts position and movement
Vestibular Sense
monitors the heads position and movement
Manifest content
according to Freud, what the dreamer recalls on awakening
Latent content
according to Freud, the symbolic meaning of a dream
Response set theory of hypnosis
hypnosis is not an altered state of consciousness, but a cognitive set responding to suggestions
Activation synthesis theory
suggests that dreams are the by-product of the brain's random firing of neural impulses
Sleep disorder
disturbance in the normal pattern of sleeping
Insomnia
sleep disorder in which a person cannot get to sleep and/or stay asleep
Night terror
Very frightening non-REM sleep episode
Nightmare
brief scary REM dream that is often remembered
Enuresis
condition in which a person over 5 shows an inability to control urination during sleep
Hypnosis
state of heightened suggestibility
Psychoactive drug
substance that influences the brain and thereby the individual's behavior
Tolerance
condition in which more of a drug is needed to achieve the same effect
Substance abuse disorder
condition in which a person cannot control his or her drug use
Withdrawal symptom
physical or behavioral effect that occurs after a person stops using a drug
Depressant
drug that inhibits or slows down normal neural functioning
Opiate
Pain Killing drug that depresses some brian areas and excites others
Stimulant
drug that speeds up normal brain functioning
Hallucinogenic
drug that simultaneously excites and inhibits normal neural activity, thereby causing distortions in perception
THC
active ingredient in marijuana that affects learning, short-term memory, coordination, emotion, and appetite
Suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)
group of cells signaling other areas when to be aroused and when to shut down
Motive
tendency to desire and seek out positive incentives or rewards and to avoid negative outcomes
Instinct
innate impulse from within a person that directs or motivates behavior
Drive reduction theory
theory of motivation that proposes that people seek to reduce internal levels of drive
Note
Flashcard