Skills I - KVP ranges

KVP for forearm

65-75

KVP for finger

55-65

KVP for humerus

70-85

KVP for elbow

65-75

KVP for acute flexion elbow

70-80

KVP for hand

55-65

KVP for radial head

65-75

KVP for PA wrist

55-65

KVP for oblique and lateral wrist

60-70

KVP for thumb

55-65

KVP for scaphoid

55-65

AP shoulder internal rotation KVP

70-85

AP shoulder Grashey method KVP

70-85

inferosuperior axial shoulder KVP

70-85

AP shoulder minor trauma neutral rotation KVP

70-85

Minor trauma shoulder scapular Y KVP

70-85

AP scapula KVP

70-85

Lateral Scapular Y kvp

70-85

AP clavicle KVP

70-85

AP Axial clavicle KVP

70-85

AC joints without weights KVP

80-85

AC joints with weights KVP

80-85

AP toe KVP

50-65

oblique toe KVP

50-60

lateral toe KVP

50-60

ap axial foot KVP

55-65

lateral foot KVP

60-70

oblique foot KVP

60-70

AP ankle KVP

60-75

Mortise Ankle KVP

60-75

lateral ankle KVP

60-75

Axial calcaneus KVP

65-75

lateral calcaneus KVP

60-75

AP tibfib KVP

70-80

lateral tibfib KVP

65-80

settegast patella KVP

70-80

hughston patella KVP

70-80

PA patella KVP

70-80

lateral patella KVP

70-80

AP knee KVP

65-80

AP knee internal rotation KVP

65-80

AP knee external rotation KVP

65-80

lateral knee KVP

65-80

AP distal femur KVP

75-85

lateral distal femur KVP

75-85

lateral proximal femur KVP

75-85

AP proximal femur KVP

80-85

AP axial weight bearing bilateral feet KVP

60-70

Weight bearing lateral foot KVP

60-70

weight bearing bilateral knee KVP

70-80

intercondylar fossa camp coventry method KVP

70-80

intercondylar fossa holmblad method KVP

70-80

Scaphoid angle

10-15 towards elbow

settegast angle

15-20 cephelad

lateral knee angle

5-10 cephelad

axial foot angle

10 towards heel

clavicle angle

15-30

axial calcaneus angle

40 toward heel

superoinfero shoulder angle

5-15 toward elbow

leg positioning if lesser trochanter is visible

externally rotated

leg positioning if lesser trochanter is not visible

internally rotated

leg positioning if lesser trochanter is partially visible

toes up

AP knee greater than 24CM

5 degree cephalad

AP knee less than 19CM

5 degree caudad

19-24CM AP knee

no angle required

what projections need 3-5 degree internal rotation of feet?

PA patella, AP knee

AP proximal femur foot rotation angle

15

AP mid distal femur feet rotation

5

minor trauma shoulder Y scapula is..

superimposed with humerus

scapular Y scapula is…

straight while humerus is angled

hand supinated

radial tuberosity positioning with hand supinated

anterior surface

radial tuberosity positioning with hand pronated

superimposed on posterior border

radial tuberosity positioning with hand lateral

superimposed on anterior border

radial tuberosity positioning with hand internal rotation

posterior border (bottom)

hand lateral

hand pronated

hand internally rotated

acute flexion elbow - distal humerus

acute flexion elbow - proximal forearm

acute flexion for distal humerus CR

perpendicular to IR

acute flexion elbow for proximal forearm CR

30 degrees perpendicular to forearm

AP elbow best demonstrates

medial/lateral deviations

Lateral elbow best demonstrates

AP deviations

Internal rotation elbow best demonstrates

ulnar-trochlear joint, coronoid and olecranon process

external rotation elbow best demonstrates

radial head and neck

Radius and Ulna positioning in external rotation elbow

no superimposition

Radius and Ulna positioning in internal rotation elbow

crossed

Radius and Ulna positioning in AP elbow

slight superimposition

scaphoid fat strip should be…

radiolucent

lateral hand with flexion positioning

wrist flexed, hand natural

what’s well demonstrated on an oblique wrist?

scaphoid and trapezium

5 degree angulation scaphoid projection

demonstrates proximal fracture

15 degree angulation scaphoid projection

demonstrates waist fracture

25 degree angulation scaphoid projection

demonstrates distal fracture

what joints open in axial scaphoid projection?

radioscaphoid, scaphotrapezium and scaphotrapezoidtal

PA scaphoid projection demonstrates..

axis or waist of scaphoid

PA axial scaphoid projection demonstrates

waist of scaphoid

what’s required for a lateral elbow if patient’s forearm is thick?

elevate wrist while keeping shoulder and elbow in the same plane

structures demonstrated in partial flexion elbow demonstrating forearm

proximal radius and ulna including radial head