Period 4 APUSH

American Shipping

Camp Meetings

Cane Ridge

Deism

Embargo Act

Hartford Convention

Impressment

Industrialism

Judicial Review

The power of the Supreme Court to review and invalidate laws passed by Congress or actions by the President if they are unconstitutional. Central to the checks and balances system.

Louisiana Purchase

Marbury vs. Madison

Landmark Supreme Court case that established judicial review, allowing the Court to declare laws unconstitutional. Strengthened the power of the judiciary and made the Supreme Court a co-equal branch of government.

New Light Dissenters

Second Great Awakening

A widespread religious revival in the early 19th century that emphasized individual salvation, emotional preaching, and personal connection to God. Inspired major reform movements (abolition, temperance, women’s rights) and expanded democratic ideals in religion and society.

The Embargo

War Hawks

War of 1812

Adams-onis Treaty

American System

Gibbons vs. Ogden

Ruled that only the federal government has the power to regulate interstate commerce. Strengthened federal control over the economy and limited states’ rights.

McCulloch vs. Maryland

Supreme Court case that upheld the constitutionality of the national bank and ruled that states cannot tax federal institutions. Reinforced federal supremacy over the states and supported the use of implied powers.

Missouri Compromise

Agreement to admit Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state, and to ban slavery north of the 36°30′ line in the Louisiana Territory. Temporarily eased sectional tensions over slavery, but exposed the growing divide between North and South.

Monroe Doctrine

Sectionalism

Seminole War

Tallmadge Amendment

Proposed amendment to ban the further introduction of slaves in Missouri and gradually emancipate those already enslaved. Rejected by the Senate; triggered fierce debates that led to the Missouri Compromise.

Transportation Improvements

Worcester Vs. Georgia

Supreme Court ruling that stated the Cherokee Nation was a distinct political community and Georgia laws had no force there. President Jackson ignored the ruling, weakening the power of the judiciary and resulting in Native removal.

Anti-Masonry

Aroostook War

Caroline Affair

Democrats

Dorr Rebellion

“Five Civilized Tribes”

Indian Territory

Spoils System

Trail of Tears

Forced march of the Cherokee from their homeland to Indian Territory; thousands died from disease, starvation, and exposure. Symbol of the brutal impact of federal Indian policy and Jacksonian democracy’s darker side.

Webster-AshburtonTreaty

Webster-Hayne Debate

Whigs

Nullification

Panic of 1837

Removal Act

Law signed by Andrew Jackson authorizing the removal of Native American tribes to land west of the Mississippi River. Led to the forced relocation of thousands of Native Americans and the Trail of Tears.

Seminole War

Specie Circular

Agricultural Specialization

Canal Age

Commonwealth vs. Hunt

Corporations

“Cult of Domesticity”

Early Skilled Worker Unions

Erie Canal

Factory System

Free Labor

Godey’s Lady’s Book

Immigrant labor

Interchangeable parts

Know-Nothings

Lowell System

Machine Tools

Middle Class

Nativism

Old Northwest

Social Mobility

SteamBoats

Steel Plow

Truck Farming

Women’s “Separate Sphere”

Cult of Honor

De Bow’s Review

Gang System

Paternalism

Pidgin

”Sambo”

Slave Codes

Slave Music

Task System

Abolitionists

American Colonization Society

Amistad

Anti-Abolitionism

Feminism

Fugitive Slave Law

Hudson River School

Indian Reservation

Protestant Revivalism

Public Education

Seneca Falls Convention

Shakers

Temperance Crusade

Transcendentalism

Utopian Societies

Aaron Burr

Eli Whitney

Handsome Lake

John Marshall

Judith Sargent Murray

Mercy Otis Warren

Neolin

Noah Webster