Dough face: Northern presidents that supported slavery: Buchanan and Franklin Pierce Confederate States: Arkansas, Texas, Louisiana, Tennessee, Mississippi, Alabama Georgia, Florida, South Carolina, North Carolina, and Virginia Border states In 1860: states that had slavery but stayed in the union Maryland, Delaware, West Virginia, Kentucky, and Missouri Union states: Maine, New York, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Kansas, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, California, Nevada, and Oregon. Kansas territory: Kansas Kansas-Nebraska Act allowed Kansas to have popular sovereignty. This act caused Kansas to become a battleground between the pro-slavery and anti-slavery. House divided speech: Abraham Lincoln spoke about how the country was divided and the only way it would be solved was war. The speech was given during his debate agaisnt Cridditen compromise: Tries to recreate the Missouri Compromise to stop a civil war. But the North doesn't want slavery at all no matter what, so the law isn't passed. Dredd Scott Case: Case where the government ruled that whether slave or free had no rights. Wilmot Proviso: Congressional proposal that prohibited extension of slavery into new territories like Utah and New Mexico. Secession: the act of Withdrawing from a country Compromise 1850: Compromise that temporarily resolved disputes between slavery in the new territories like Popular sovereignty: Self-government for a territory and choosing whether they want slavery or not Stephen Douglas: He wanted to be president and needed support in the South to do so. He also wanted support to build the northern route, so he decided to open the Kansas-Nebraska territory to popular sovereignty. Fugitive Slave Act: Under the fugitive slave act, runaways weren't entitled to a trial and they couldn't testify on their own behalf. Underground Railroad: A network where free African Americans and white abolitionists would aid fugitive slaves in their escape. Harriet Tubman: One of the most famous conductors of the Underground Railroad who helped 300 slaves flee to freedom. Harriet Beecher Stow: A white abolitionist who published Uncle toms Cabin Uncle Tom’s Cabin: A bestselling book that sheds light on the struggles of slavery. Northerners increased their protests while Southerners criticized the story. Kansas-Nebraska Act: Law led by Stephen Douglas would repeal the compromise of 1850 and allow Kansas and Nebraska to have popular sovereignty. John Brown: An extremist abolitionist who killed five pro-slavery men and caused the Kansas bleeding. Bleeding Kansas: A battle between pro and anti-slavery settlers, where 200 people were killed. Charles Sumner: Massachusetts representative senator who spoke against the Kansas-Kansas-Nebraska Act and wanted Kansas as a free state. He was also beaten by Preston's books because of these views. Preston Brooks: felt disrespected as a Southerner when Charles Sumner was talking bad about the South and supporting the Kansas-Nebraska Act. So he beat him with a cane. Horace Greeley: One of the founders of the republican party who was opposed to the kansas nebraska act Franklin Pierce: Democratic candidate who was president from 1853 to 1857. He also signed the Kansas Kansas-Nebraska Act and enforced the fugitive slave act. Nativism: A society that favored native-born Americans over immigrants Know-Nothing Party: Appeared in the early parts of the 1850s. The party was anti-immigrant in the northeastern United States. Free-Soil Party: Advocated for free land, free soil, and anti-slavery. The representative candidate was Martin van Buren. Republican Party: The Party was completely opposed to the Kansas-Nebraska Act but as a whole, the party had a wide range of opinions which allowed them to gain support from different groups. John C. Fremont: Republican candidate in 1856 who lost to James Buchanan James Buchanan: Democratic candidate who was also a British minister. He ended up winning the 1856 election for president. Dred Scott: A slave from Missouri who pushed a lawsuit for his freedom. He did this because his owner passed away and he lived in free territory for several years. Roger B. Taney: Supreme court chief who ruled on the dred scott case that slaves didnt have the rights of citizens and when he began the suit he was in a slave state. Abraham Lincoln: republican canidate who ran agaisnt stephen douglas and won. He also had anti-slavery views. Freeport Doctrine: Basically the people are the ones who decide the rules of a state Raid on Harpers Ferry: A band of 21 black and white men raided a federal arsenal to free slaves and create a general slave uprising. Election of 1860: Election that abraham lincoln won and the southern states seceded Confederacy: Southern states that seceded and formed the confederate states which protected and recognized slavery. Jefferson Davis: Former senator who was the president of the Confederate sates. Firing on Fort Sumner: Battle where the Confederate states attacked the United States military garrison. No one was killed but this battle started the civil war.

Dough face

Northern presidents supporting slavery: Buchanan and Franklin Pierce

Confederate States

States including Arkansas, Texas, and Virginia, seceding during the Civil War

Border states in 1860

States like Maryland and Kentucky that had slavery but stayed in the Union

Union states

States like New York and California supporting the Union during the Civil War

Kansas territory

Region where the Kansas-Nebraska Act led to conflicts over slavery

House divided speech

Abraham Lincoln's speech on the country's division leading to war

Crittenden compromise

Failed attempt to recreate the Missouri Compromise to prevent civil war

Dred Scott Case

Legal case ruling that slaves had no rights, free or not

Wilmot Proviso

Proposal banning slavery extension into new territories like Utah

Secession

Act of withdrawing from a country, as seen in the Southern states

Compromise 1850

Temporary resolution on slavery disputes in new territories

Popular sovereignty

Territorial self-government allowing choice on slavery

Stephen Douglas

Politician supporting popular sovereignty and the Kansas-Nebraska Act

Fugitive Slave Act

Law denying runaways trials and testimony rights

Underground Railroad

Network aiding fugitive slaves' escape, led by Harriet Tubman

Harriet Beecher Stowe

Author of 'Uncle Tom's Cabin' highlighting slavery issues

Kansas-Nebraska Act

Law repealing the Compromise of 1850 for popular sovereignty

John Brown

Abolitionist who led violent actions against pro-slavery forces

Bleeding Kansas

Conflict over slavery in Kansas leading to casualties

Charles Sumner

Senator advocating for Kansas as a free state, assaulted by Preston Brooks

Nativism

Preference for native-born Americans over immigrants

Know-Nothing Party

Anti-immigrant party in the 1850s Northeastern US

Free-Soil Party

Advocated for free land, soil, and anti-slavery policies

Republican Party

Opposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act, gaining diverse support

John C. Fremont

Republican candidate in 1856 presidential election

James Buchanan

Democratic candidate and 15th US President, 1857-1861

Dred Scott

Slave who sued for freedom, leading to a landmark case

Roger B. Taney

Chief Justice ruling against Dred Scott's freedom

Abraham Lincoln

Republican president during the Civil War, known for anti-slavery stance

Freeport Doctrine

Belief in state rule by the people, as advocated by Stephen Douglas

Raid on Harpers Ferry

John Brown's attempt to incite a slave rebellion

Election of 1860

Abraham Lincoln's election leading to Southern secession

Confederacy

Southern states that seceded, supporting slavery

Jefferson Davis

President of the Confederate States during the Civil War

Firing on Fort Sumter

Confederate attack on a US military garrison, sparking the Civil War