Wilkins, Chapter 6: Barriers Review Questions

A properly fitting gown should

be closed at the neck.

Gloves should be changed_______________

• when treating a new patient.

• when gloves develop a "sticky" surface.

• at least once each hour

Which items should be removed prior to leaving the dental office at the end of the day?

•

• Shoes

• Overgown

• Uniform top exposed to aerosols

Protective eyewear should have all except one of the following features. Which is the EXCEPTION?

• Should have darker tinted lenses to protect the patient's eyes from the light

• Should be shatterproof

• Should be lightweight

• Should be flexible

• Should have smooth surfaces

Should have darker tinted lenses to protect the patient's eyes from the light

Which agent would be least useful as an antimicrobial when washing hands during surgical antisepsis?

• Iodine

• Chloroxylenol

• Bleach

• Chlorhexidine

• Iodophors

Bleach

If contact dermatitis develops immediately after contact with latex gloves, the clinician has what type of sensitivity?

Type I

To ensure glove integrity, which of the following would be the least critical factor?

• Avoid storage of gloves in fluorescent light

• Wear no rings

• Avoid the gloves at the bottom of the box as they may have more tears due to packaging stress

• Wear a properly fitted glove

• Keep nails short

Avoid the gloves at the bottom of the box as they may have more tears due to packaging stress

The best choice of gloves for cleaning your operatory at the end of the day is

• nonsterile single-use examination gloves.

• utility gloves.

• plastic gloves.

• presterilized single-use surgical gloves

utility gloves.

Which agent would be least useful as an antimicrobial when washing hands during a surgical antisepsis?

• Iodine

• Bar soap

• Chloroxylenol

• Iodophors

• Chlorhexidine

Bar soap

To maintain continuing health and productivity, the dental hygienist should seek diagnosis and treatment

at the earliest sign of a minor condition.

In a busy dental hygiene practice, when can the hygienist avoid routine handwashing?

When an antiseptic hand rub is used

When would the use of a scrub brush be appropriate?

• During the first handwash of the day

• As part of an antiseptic handwash

• During all routine handwashing

• As part of a surgical antisepsis handwashing

• Anytime the nails are unclean

As part of a surgical antisepsis handwashing

The allergic reaction that presents as an immediate reaction and can pose a serious threat to the patient is what type of sensitivity?

• Type II

• Type I

• Type III

• Type V

• Type IV

Type I

Which of the following are important procedures for the proper use of personal protection equipment?

A• Place mask and protective eyewear before hand hygiene and gloving.

B• Use an antiseptic hand wash or hand rub before gloving.

D• Develop a procedure whereby gloves can be removed without contaminating the hands from the exposed external surfaces of the gloves.

• a,b,and d only

a,b,and d only

Toxoids are toxins that have been heated or treated by chemical agents to destroy the deleterious properties of an antitoxin without destroying its ability to combine with, or stimulate the formation of antitoxins. Toxoids are used for active immunizations for the tetanus and diphtheria vaccinations.

Both statements are true.

A positive reaction to the Purified Protein Derivative (PPD) test notes a previous infection with _______________________.

mycobacterium tuberculosis

A positive Mantoux test must be inspected for redness and induration at the injection site within how many hours after the injection?

48 to 72 hours

Wearing clinic gowns over street clothes is an acceptable way to control for exposure from contaminants in the dental office.

• True

• False

False

A wristwatch and jewelry are acceptable to wear as long as they are impervious to water and disinfectants to allow adequate cleaning following dental hygiene procedures.

• False

• True

False

When using an antiseptic hand rub, the hands should be vigorously rubbed together ____________________.

until the hands are dry

What would be the least effective personal protective barrier to prevent cross-contamination?

• Securing hair with a head scarf

• Securing long hair and wearing it off the shoulders

• Covering facial hair with a mask or face shield

• Donning a disposable head covering

Securing hair with a head scarf

Your patient may have a contagious disease and you are performing a surgical antisepsis handwash when the patient is dismissed. How long should you perform the handwash?

• 7 minutes

• 15 minutes

• 5 minutes

• 10 minutes

• 1 minute

5 minutes

Which of the following is the least significant factor that can affect glove integrity?

• The temperature of the storeroom where the gloves are kept

• The length of time gloves are worn

• The chemical agents used

• The style of the glove

• The size of the glove

The style of the glove

Which of the following agents would have the least affect on glove integrity?

• Alcohol

• Hand lotion

• Petroleum jelly

• Glutaraldehydes

• Oil-based products

Hand lotion

Exposure to latex can occur through all except which method?

• Ingestion

• Mucosal contact

• Donning gloves

• Inhalation

Ingestion

If contact dermatitis develops within 6 to 72 hours of contact, the patient has what type of sensitivity?

Type IV

Which of the food products noted below would not be associated with a higher risk for a latex allergy?

• Banana

• Apple

• Avocado

• Kiwi fruit

• Peanuts

Apple

Which of the following foods would be least likely to be associated with a high risk for a latex allergy?

• Wheat

• Kiwi fruit

• Peanuts

• Chestnut

• Avocado

Wheat

The best time of day to schedule a patient with a known latex allergy is

the first appointment of the day.

Your patient states that they had a mild allergic reaction to latex in their last dental office. You would expect if the patient were to have symptoms of anaphylaxis to a latex allergy in your office to show symptoms

• Shortly after coming in contact with the latex allergen

• Hours after coming in contact with the allergen

• Either a or b

Either a or b

Prior to donning gloves at the start of the day, the hygienist should follow all but which procedure?

• Avoid contamination such as touching the hair or face

• Place gloves over the cuff of the long-sleeved outwear

• Glove in front of the patient

• Perform an antiseptic handwash prior to gloving

• Quickly remove at least the majority of moisture on the hands prior to gloving

Quickly remove at least the majority of moisture on the hands prior to gloving

What agency annually reviews the recommendations on immunizations?

• The American Medical Association (AMA)

• The American Nurses' Association (ANA)

• The American Dental Association (ADA)

• The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)

• The Health Resources and Human Services Administration (HRSA)

The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)

Which of the following is not an essential criteria of an ideal mask?

• Non-irritating to the skin

• Fits snugly around face

• Has a filtration of 4-5 microns

• Easy to don and remove

• No contact with the nostrils

Has a filtration of 4-5 microns

What method of cleaning would be most effective while causing the least damage to eyewear?

Clean with a detergent, rinse, and air dry

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is transmitted by which of the following?

Airborne droplet nuclei

A patient begins sneezing, his eyes start watering, and a rash begins around his mouth. The patient is experiencing what type of latex sensitivity?

Type I

________________ is the introduction of an antigenic material or vaccine; and can also refer to the introduction of material into a culture medium.

Inoculation

When performing an antiseptic handwash, the water temperature should be _______.

cool

What steps would not be included in a surgical antisepsis handwash?

• When completed, hands should be held up and clasped together.

• Hands and arms should be rinsed starting at the fingertips and letting water pass down over the arms.

• The scrub should be in an ordered sequence without returning to areas already scrubbed.

• A towel should be applied from the arms to the fingers.

• A preliminary wash should include 10 strong rubbing motions on each side of hands, wrists, and arms.

A towel should be applied from the arms to the fingers.

The main reason that hands should be completely dry prior to donning gloves is to facilitate the ease of gloving.

• False

• True

False

A mask should be changed

A. hourly at a minimum.

B. whenever the it becomes wet.

C. only at the end of the procedure.

D. at the end of the day.

A. hourly at a minimum.

B. whenever the it becomes wet.

Which of the following properties is incorrect regarding a properly fitting gown?

A. The gown should be long enough to cover the knees when seated for treatment

B. The gown should be closed at the neck

C. The gown should have long sleeves

D. The gown should have at least one pocket

D. The gown should have at least one pocket

Which factor is of least importance when determining glove integrity?

A. The latex composition of the glove

B. Complexity of the procedure

C. Size of the glove

D. Agents used when wearing the gloves

E. Storage of gloves

A. The latex composition of the glove

When a surgical antisepsis handwashing is performed at the start of the day, the handwash should be performed for how many minutes?

A. 3 minutes

B. 5 minutes

C. 7 minutes

D. 10 minutes

E. 15 minutes

D. 10 minutes

Which of the following chemical agents would have the least effect on glove integrity?

A. Water-based lotion

B. Gluteraldehyde

C. Petroleum-based products

D. Products containing alcohol

E. Oil emollients

A. Water-based lotion

Which of the following would not be included when documenting a latex allergy?

A. An entry in the computer record noting a medical alert for latex allergy

B. How special needs of the patient with a latex allergy were addressed

C. A medical alert sticker affixed to the outside of the dental chart

D. Irregularities related to personal protection protocol

C. A medical alert sticker affixed to the outside of the dental chart

When should gloves be replaced?

A. When the hands feel restricted

B. No longer than 2 hours after donning gloves

C. If gloves become sticky

D. If torn, cut, or punctured

E. Between each patient

A. When the hands feel restricted

C. If gloves become sticky

D. If torn, cut, or punctured

E. Between each patient

Your patient states that they had a mild allergic reaction to latex in their last dental office. What is the risk that your patient will have a life-threatening reaction to latex in the future.

A. Cannot be determined

B. Low

C. High

D. Moderate

A. Cannot be determined

Which of the following is least effective when performing an antiseptic handwash?

A. Use a liquid antimicrobial soap

B. Repeat the lathering procedure three times

C. Use paper towels for drying

D. Turn off faucet with paper towel

E. Lather and rinse for 2 minutes

E. Lather and rinse for 2 minutes

Standard masks block filtration of particles at what percentage?

C. Greater than 95%

Droplet nuclei (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) range up to what size micron?

A. 1

Which of the following is not an essential criteria of an ideal mask?

A. No fogging of eyeware

B. Easy to don and remove

C. Pleasant appearance to the patient

D. Non-irritating to the skin

E. No contact with the nostrils

C. Pleasant appearance to the patient

Which of the following materials are least adequate filters of aerosols?

A. Synthetic fiber

B. Paper

C. Cloth

D. Glass fiber

E. Foam

B. Paper

C. Cloth

E. Foam

Particles 1-5 m can remain suspended for hours and can be inhaled directly into terminal lung alveoli. Removal of a mask in the treatment room immediately following the use of aerosol-producing procedures permits direct exposure to airborne organisms.

A. Both statements are false.

B. The first sentence is false; the second sentence is true.

C. The first sentence is true; the second sentence is false.

D. Both statements are true.

D. Both statements are true.

Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding resident bacteria found on the skin?

A. The flora may be reduced by handwashing

B. Many resident bacteria are shed with exfoliated cells

C. May cause an autogenous infection in a skin break

D. Tends to be less susceptible to destruction by disinfection procedures

E. Many relatively stable bacteria inhabit the epithelium

C. May cause an autogenous infection in a skin break

The face mask must be placed following the donning of eyewear to ensure the lens of the eyewear does not fog.

True

False

FALSE

Which of the following items typically found in the dental office would definitely not contain latex?

A. Masks

B. Gloves

C. Disposable fluoride trays

D. Suction adapter

E. Mixing bowls

C. Disposable fluoride trays

You are working in a dental office that uses latex products. What protocols should be put in place when planning an appointment for the patient with a latex allergy?

A. Thoroughly clean the operatory with non-latex gloves

B. Inform the dental team of a possible emergency

C. Prepare a latex-free emergency cart

D. Ask the patient to take an anti-histamine prior to the appointment

E. Schedule the patient early in the day

A. Thoroughly clean the operatory with non-latex gloves

B. Inform the dental team of a possible emergency

C. Prepare a latex-free emergency cart

E. Schedule the patient early in the day

The clinical hypersensitivity state or allergy with a hereditary predisposition is termed which of the following?

A. Hypoallergenic

B. Atopy

C. Hereditary induced sensivity

D. Hypersensitivity

E. Allergen

B. Atopy

Examples of allergies associated with atopy include all except which of the following?

A. Eczema

B. Latex

C. Asthma

D. Rhinitis

E. Hay fever

B. Latex

Which of the following is not a basic immunization recommended for healthcare workers?

A. Varicella-zoster

B. MMR (Measles, mumps and rubella)

C. Influenza

D. Hepatitis B

E. (HSV-2) Herpes Simplex Virus-2

E. (HSV-2) Herpes Simplex Virus-2

A redness and induration is noted at the injection site within 78 hours after the injection. The dental hygiene student is most likely testing positive for ______________.

A. Hepatitis B

B. Tuberculosis

C. Varicella-zoster

D. MMR

E. Influenza

B. Tuberculosis

Which items should be removed prior to leaving the dental office at the end of the day?

A. Shoes

B. Uniform top exposed to aerosols

C. Overgown

D. Lab coat worn during non-treatment times

A. Shoes

B. Uniform top exposed to aerosols

C. Overgown

What is the most common ingredient found in an antiseptic hand rub product?

A. Pavidone-iodine

B. Essential oils

C. Emollients

D. Ethanol or isopropanol

E. Water

D. Ethanol or isopropanol

The most commonly used product in the dental office that contains latex is ______________________.

A. the rubber cup prophy angle

B. the dental dam

C. the saliva ejector

D. the color code grips on instruments

E. a pair of gloves

E. a pair of gloves

The new dental assistant in the office shows you the rash she is developing on her hands from the gloves. What type of latex sensitivity is she experiencing?

A. Type II

B. Type IV

C. Type V

D. Type I

E. Type III

D. Type I

Which of the following materials are common in a non-latex glove?

A. N-Nitrile

B. Neoprene

C. Block copolymer

D. Vinyl

E. All of the above are non-latex glove materials

E. All of the above are non-latex glove materials

When selecting a type of glove, which of the following would be the least important factor to consider?

A. Glove manufacturer

B. Glove length

C. Glove material

D. Fit of the glove

E. Strength and durability of the glove

A. Glove manufacturer

A Particulate Respirator Mask (PRM) would be needed when providing dental hygiene care to a patient with which infectious disease?

A. Pneumonia

B. Hepatitis

C. Rubella

D. Active tuberculosis

E. HIV/AIDS

D. Active tuberculosis

A face shield is sufficient protection to the clinician during patient procedures involving aerosol production; a mask would be optional.

False

True

FALSE

What type of eyewear is most suitable for the dental hygienist to wear during patient procedures?

A. Goggles

B. Prescription eyeware with side shields

C. Face shield

D. Eyewear with curved frames

E. All of the above are suitable

E. All of the above are suitable

Which of the following would not be a benefit to having short nails for a hygienist?

A. Decreases patient discomfort

B. Allows greater dexterity during instrumentation

C. Increases the effectiveness of handwashing

D. Permits a better fitting glove

E. All of the above are benefits to having short nails

E. All of the above are benefits to having short nails

In a busy dental hygiene practice, when can the hygienist avoid routine handwashing?

A. When an antiseptic hand rub is used

B. Prior to donning gloves

C. After each patient

D. Following removal of gloves

E. There is not a substitute for handwashing

A. When an antiseptic hand rub is used

When would the use of a scrub brush be appropriate?

A. Anytime the nails are unclean

B. During the first handwash of the day

C. During all routine handwashing

D. As part of a surgical antisepsis handwashing

E. As part of an antiseptic handwash

D. As part of a surgical antisepsis handwashing

When designing handwashing facilities, which of the following controls would be least useful?

A. A sink with foot pedal or knee control to activate the water

B. An electronic sensor that turns the water off and on

C. An electronic control to adjust the water temperature and water flow

D. A bar soap rack that allows drainage and drying

E. b and d

E. b and d

B. An electronic sensor that turns the water off and on

D. A bar soap rack that allows drainage and drying

Which of the following exposure control methods would be most effective and efficient to protect the dental hygienist from risk?

A. Follow the written exposure control plan

B. Follow correct handwashing principles

C. Wear gloves

D. Wear appropriate PPE

E. Obtain the appropriate immunizations

E. Obtain the appropriate immunizations

Which of the following questions should be asked to determine if an individual is at high risk for latex sensitivity?

A. What types of medical surgeries or treatments have you experienced?

B. Do you suffer from seasonal allergies?

C. What type of jobs have you had?

D. Are you allergic to bananas, avocados, or peanuts?

E. Have you had an allergic reaction to latex in the past?

A. What types of medical surgeries or treatments have you experienced?

C. What type of jobs have you had?

D. Are you allergic to bananas, avocados, or peanuts?

E. Have you had an allergic reaction to latex in the past?

Management of immunizations entails all of the following procedures except

A. seeking prophylactic immunization as indicated.

B. regularly updating immunization records.

C. keeping all records confidential.

D. obtaining tests when exposed to certain infectious agents.

E. posting a note on the office calendar when a staff member is due for an immunization.

E. posting a note on the office calendar when a staff member is due for an immunization.

The Mantoux test is a test to determine the presence of active or inactive tuberculosis.

True

False

TRUE

All facial hair must be covered with a face mask or face shield.

True

False

TRUE