Fluoroscopy Quiz Review

how many steps are there before beginning the examination?

7 steps the radiographer must complete

what are the steps before examination? 7 steps

1)check the 2 patient identifiers (name/DOB)

2)verify procedure with the patient

3)assess patient for allergies, meds, past medical history

4)inform patient if any contrast has been ordered and the positive/negative info.

5)make sure all forms are signed before exam

6)explain the procedure steps and what is expected from the patient for help

7)ask patient to change into gown and remove any jewelry/clothing

what is the role of the technologist? 8 things

1)position the patient

2)setup rad table

3)get supplies ready

4)setup rad console for radiologist

5)prepare contrast

6)help patient w/contrast

7)instruct patient on how to position thru exam

8)setup sterile field for exams that require sterile field

what is MBSS?

modified barium swallow study

what is a MBSS confused with?

a barium swallow study

why is a modified barium swallow study needed?

to diagnose a swallowing disorder

how is a MBSS performed and what can be seen?

under fluoroscopy and it allows the mouth, throat, and upper esophagus to be seen

what does a mbss help visualize?

how a patient chews, drinks, and swallows different foods and liquids to determine if the patient is at risk of aspiration

what is aspiration?

when food or liquid enter the trachea or the lungs

what are the patients fed for a mbss procedure?

different texture foods mixed with thin or thick barium

what is a BARIUM SWALLOW STUDY? (other name for it)

an esophagram

what does an esophagram help see?

uses a contrast agent that helps visualize the esophagus and evaluate the swallowing process

when does an esophagram exam end?

when the contrast empties into the stomach

what is a barium swallow study (esophagram) double contrast?

similar to an esophagram but effervescent (bubbly) crystals are given to patient with barium

what are effervescent crystals?

gas producing carbon dioxide crystals mixed in barium or gave before barium

should the gas produced from the crystals be released?

No so it can provide distension (bloating) and help see the mucosal lining of the esophagus

when does a double contrast barium swallow study end?

once the contrast reaches the stomach

what is an upper gastrointestinal series also referred to as? (UGI) it

can also be called a tract radiography or an upper GI

what is an upper gastrointestinal series? (UGI)

an exam to see the pharynx, esophagus, stomach, and the first part of the small intestine (DUODENUM)

when does a UGI exam end?

once the contrast empties and passes through the duodenum

what is a upper gastrointestinal series UGI double contrast?

similar to UGI but effervescent (bubbly) crystals are given to patient mixed with barium OR before barium

when does a double contrast UGI series exam end?

when the contrast empties and passes through the duodenum

what supplies are used for a double contrast UGI series exam? 4 things

crystals, water, barium, and a straw

what is a small bowel series? (SBFT)

a single contrast study to see the stomach and the entire small bowel ( small intestine)

what is the small bowel series contrast mixed with?

contrast mixed with barium, gastrogafin, and water

what is the patient encouraged to do for a small bowel series exam?

to walk around in between images (if no fall)

when does a small bowel series exam end?

once the contrast reaches the colon

what is a barium enema (BE)?

a study done to visualize the colon ( large intestine)

when does a barium enema end?

once radiologist has all the needed images and contrast can be drained out as much as possible

what is a barium enema double contrast? (BE)

colon filled with barium and air is pumped into the intestines to provide detailed view of inner colon surface

what is extremely important for a double contrast barium enema?

only pump the amount of air that the radiologist tells you to so when the barium is drained the air is not accumulated and more is released

what is a barium enema colostomy? (BE)

like barium enema for stomach using contrast in enema bag

when does a BE colostomy end?

once radiologist gets all the images needed and contrast can be drained out as much as possible, have patient go to RR to evacuate more contrast and help patient place new colostomy bag

what is a intravenous pyelogram? (IVP)

a radiologic exam that uses iodinated contrast and evaluates abnormalities of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder to see how the patient system can handle fluid waste

how is an intravenous pyelogram contrast injected?

the contrast is injected intravenously and travels through the blood to collect in the kidneys and urinary tract

how soon are the images taken after the iodinated contrast is injected for a IVP exam?

immediately and as soon as the patient receives the contrast through the kidney and urinary tract

when does a IVP exam end?

when the patient goes to RR and voids contrast

and the tech takes post void image

what is a voiding cystourethrogram? (VCUG)

an xray study of the bladder and urethra

what is done in a voiding cystourethrogram?

a foley catheter is inserted into the urethra and into the bladder to help contrast flow and images are taken thru different angles of the bladder as the patient is voiding (peeing emptying bladder)

when does a VCUG exam end?

when patient goes to RR and bladder is emptied and tech takes POSTVOID KUB (kidney, ureters, bladder)

a cystourethrogram is done exactly like what exam?

a VCUG EXCEPT there are no voiding images needed

who is a retrograde urethrogram mostly done on? (RUG)

a urethrogram procedure is done mostly in male patients to diagnose the urethral pathology

how is a urethrography done and is it more or less invasive?

through the injection of contrast into the urethra and the procedure is less invasive than other diagnostic techniques LIKE urethroscopy

what is a lumbar puncture also known as?

spinal tap

what is a lumbar puncture?

procedure where needle is inserted into the spinal canal (subarachnoid space) and collects cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for diagnostic testing

when does a lumbar puncture end?

when radiologist removes spinal needle and puts band aid on puncture area

where does a lumbar puncture patient go after the procedure?

patient transferred back to bed and advised to not sit up for 4 hrs atleast

what is a myelogram? (Myelo)

an imaging examination that allows visualization and evaluation of the spinal cord, nerve roots, and the meninges

how is a myelogram performed?

spinal needle contrast material is injected into the subarachnoid space and with fluoroscopy the radiologist can see the passage of contrast within the subarachnoid space

when does a myelogram end?

when radiologist removes spinal needle and puts band aid in puncture area and patient is transferred to CT or MRI

what is a T-Tube Cholangiogram?

a flurosocopic procedure where contrast is injected through a t-tube and usually inserted during a cholecystectomy when there is possibility of residual gall stones in the biliary tree

what does the t-tube cholangiogram procedure end?

when all needed images are taken and contrast will either be withdrawn from t-tube or it will be left to drain into duodenum, tech reattaches drainage bag

what is a hysterosalpingogram (HSG)?

an xray test that sees the inside of the uterus, fallopian tubes, and area around them

what is used for hysterosalpingograms? (HSG)

catheter and syringe contrast is put through thin tube then put into vagina and uterus, so images are taken as the contrast passes through the uterus and fallopian tubes

what should the patient be advised for a HSG? ( hysterosalpingograms)

that they might feel some cramping like menstrual cramps during the test and the amount of pain depends on the problems the doctor finds/treats during the test

when does the HSG procedure end?

when the radiologist is done taking images and patient goes to RR to take POSTIMAGE

what is an arthrogram exam?

series of images using fluoroscopy, CT, or MRI of joint after contrast needle injection

what does an arthtrogram exam see?5 things

the soft tissue joint structures like the tendons, ligaments, muscles, cartilage, and joint capsule

when does an arthrogram exam end?

after contrast injection and MRI/CT images are taken

what is a venogram? (deep vein venogram)

exam that uses injection of contrast to show the blood flow through the veins

where is a venogram performed? 2 places

x-ray dept or interventional radiology suite (special procedures)

when does a venogram exam end?

when final images are taken and catheter is removed