Respiration and Gas exchange

Aerobic respiration

The chemical reactions in cells that use oxygen to break down glucose, releasing energy

Anaerobic respiration

The chemical reactions in cells that break down glucose without using oxygen, releasing less energy

Cellular respiration

The chemical reactions in cells that release energy from glucose

Exothermic

A reaction that transfers energy to the surroundings, usually as heat

Glucose

A simple sugar used by cells as a source of energy in respiration

Lactic acid

Product of anaerobic respiration in animal and bacteria cells

Mitochondrion

A structure in a cell where aerobic respiration takes place and most energy is released

ATP

A molecule that releases energy when it is broken down into ADP and phosphate

Hydrogen Carbonate Indicator

Chemical used to indicate the concentration of carbon dioxide

Reactant

A substance that is used up in a reaction

Product

A substance that is made in a reaction

Chemical equation

Shows a reaction using chemical symbols and formulae

Word equation

Shows a reaction using the names of substances

Human body need energy for:

Movement

Growth

Keeping warm

Active transport

Making molecules

Cell division and repair

Keeping organs working

Word equation aerobic (animals+plants)

Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water

Chemical equation aerobic (animals+plants)

C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O

Word equation anaerobic(animals)

Glucose → lactic acid

Chemical equation anaerobic(animals)

C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₃H₆O₃

Word equation anaerobic(plants+yeast)

Glucose → ethanol + carbon dioxide

Chemical equation anaerobic(plants+yeast)

C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₂H₅OH + 2CO₂