Chapter 13 - Acids, Amines, Esters, and Amides Flashcards

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering the pH scale, chemical reaction types (Neutralization, Condensation, Hydrolysis, Saponification), and molecular properties based on Chapter 13 lecture notes.

Water soluble

Dissolves in or mixes with water easily.

Saponification reaction

Conversion of fat, oil, or lipid into soap (salt of a fatty acid) by adding a strong base.

Deprotonated

The process of losing an $H^+$ or a chemical that has lost an $H^+$.

Protonated

The process of gaining an $H^+$ or a chemical that has gained an $H^+$.

Neutralization reaction

Reaction of acid with base to produce water and a salt (ionic compound); pH of products is closer to $7$ than pH of reactants.

Ion-dipole attraction

The attraction between an ion and the dipole of a polar molecule (such as water).

Condensation reaction

The reaction of two molecules that produces one larger molecule and a small molecule such as water (also known as dehydration synthesis).

Hydrolysis reaction

The reaction of water with a large molecule that causes the molecule to divide into two pieces; important in digestion (breaking down) of carbohydrates, triglycerides, and proteins.

Amide (peptide bond)

Linkage found in a fragment of a protein.

pH of Gastric acid

$$1$$

pH of Lemon juice

$$2$$

pH of Orange juice

$$3$$

pH of Tomato juice

$$4$$

pH of Black coffee

$$5$$

pH of Urine

$$6$$

pH of Distilled water

$$7$$

pH of Sea water

$$8$$

pH of Baking soda

$$9$$

pH of Milk of magnesia

$$10$$

pH of Ammonia solution

$$11$$

pH of Soapy water

$$12$$

pH of Bleach

$$14$$