Muscle Action

Head depression

lateral pterygoid

suprahyoid

infrahyoid

Head elevation

temporalis

masseter

medial pterygoid

Head protrusion

masseter

lateral pterygoid

medial pterygoid

Head retrusion

temporalis

masseter

digastric

Head side to side

medial pterygoid

lateral pterygoid

masseter

temporalis

Cervical flexion

SCM

longus colli

scalenus muscles

Cervical extension

splenius cervicis

semispinalis cervicis

iliocostalis cervicis

longissimus cervicis

multifidus

trapezius

Cervical rotation and lateral bending

SCM
scalenus group

splenius cervicis

longissimus cervicis

iliocostalis cervicis

levator scapulae

multifidus

Thoracic and Lumbar flexion

rectus abdominis

internal oblique

external oblique

Thoracic and Lumbar extension

erector spinae

quadratus lumborum

multifidus

Thoracic and lumbar rotation and lateral bending

psoas major

quadratus lumborum

external oblique

internal oblique

multifidus

longissimus thoracis

iliocostalis thoracis

rotatores

Scapular elevation

upper trapezius

levator scapulae

Scapular protraction

serratus anterior

pectoralis minor

Scapular depression

latissimus dorsi

pec major

pec minor

lower trapezius

Scapular retraction

middle trapezius

rhomboids

Scapular upward rotation

upper and lower trapezius

serratus anterior

Scapular downward rotation

rhomboids

levator scapulae

pectoralis minor

Shoulder External Rotation

teres minor

infraspinatus

posterior deltoid

Shoulder Internal Rotation

subscapularis

teres major

pec major

latissimus dorsi

anterior deltoid

Shoulder flexion

anterior deltoid

coracobrachialis

pec major - clavicular head

biceps brachii

Shoulder extension

latissimus dorsi

posterior deltoid

teres major

triceps brachii (long head)

Shoulder abduction

middle deltoid

supraspinatus

Shoulder adduction

pec major

latissimus dorsi

teres major

Shoulder horizontal abduction

posterior deltoid

infraspinatus

teres minor

Shoulder horizontal adduction

anterior deltoid

pectoralis major

Elbow flexion

biceps brachii

brachialis

brachioradialis

Elbow extension

triceps brachii

anconeus

RU supination

biceps brachii

supinator

RU pronation

pronator teres

pronator quadratus

Wrist flexion

flexor carpi radialis

flexor carpi ulnaris

palmaris longus

Wrist extension

ECRL
ECRB

ECU

Wrist radial deviation

ECRL & ECRB
FCR
Extensor pollicis longus & brevis

Wrist ulnar deviation

extensor carpi ulnaris

flexor carpi ulnaris

Finger flexion

Flexor digitorum profundus and superficialis

Flexor digiti minimi

Interossei

Lumbricals

Finger Extension

extensor digitorum communis

extensor indicis (2nd digit)

extensor digiti minimi (5th digit)

Finger abduction

dorsal interossei

abductor digiti minimi

Finger adduction

palmar interossei

Thumb flexion

flexor pollicis longus and brevis

opponens pollicis

Thumb extension

extensor pollicis longus & brevis

abductor pollicis longus

Thumb abduction

abductor pollicis longus and brevis

Thumb adduction

adductor pollicis

Thumb opposition

opponens pollicis

flexor pollicis brevis

abductor pollicis brevis

opponens digiti minimi

Hip flexion

ilipsoas

sartorius

rectus femoris

pectineus

Hip extension

gluteus max and medius

semitendinosus

semimembranosus

biceps femoris

Hip abduction

gluteus medius

gluteus minimus

piriformis

obturator internus

TFL

Hip adduction

adductor magnus

adductor longus

adductor brevis

gracilis

Hip IR

TFL
gluteus medius

gluteus minimus

pectineus

adductor longus

Hip ER

gluteus maximus

obturator externus

obturator internus

piriformis

gemelli

sartorius

Knee extension

rectus femoris

vastus lateralis

vastus intermedius

vastus medialis

Knee flexion

biceps femoris

semitendinosus

semimembranosus

sartorius

Ankle plantarflexion

tibialis posterior

gastrocnemius

soleus

fibularis longus

fibularis brevis

plantaris

flexor hallucis

Ankle dorsiflexion

tibialis anterior

extensor hallucis longus

extensor digitorum longus

fibularis tertius

Ankle inversion

tibialis posterior

tibialis anterior

flexor digitorum longus

Ankle eversion

fibularis longus

fibularis brevis

fibularis tertius

Toe flexion

flexor digitorum longus and brevis

flexor hallucis longus and brevis

flexor digiti minimi brevis

quadratus plantae

lumbricals

Toe extension

extensor digitorum longus and brevis

extensor hallucis longus and brevis

lumbricals

Toe abduction

abductor hallucis

abductor digiti minimi

dorsal interossei

Toe adduction

Adductor hallucis

Plantar interossei