please dont study from this set idk what i’m doing

CHAPTER 1 - AN INTRODUCTION TO ANATOMY

if you study from this set you’ll probably fail cuz i suck at taking notes just so yk im so sorry. also i didnt realize that you had to pay in order to make these private which sucks like wth lol

cytology

the study of cells (microscopic)

histology

the study of tissues (microscopic)

surface anantomy

the study of the body surface in relation to its deeper parts (gross/macroscopic anantomy)

regional anatomy

the study of superficial & internal features in a specific area of the body (gross/macroscopic anatomy)

systemic anantomy

structure of major organ system (gross/macroscopic anatomy)

chemical level (structural organization)

atom, molecule, macromolecule, organelle

cellular level (structural organization)

where molecules combine to form organelles inside a cell

tissue level (structural organization)

a biological tier where groups of similar cells work together to perform a specific, shared function. epithelium, connective, muscle, nervous

organ level (structural organization)

layers of tissue (two or more) combine to form a structure with a specific dedicated function

system level (structural organization)

a group of organs that function together to produce coordinated effects

organism level (structural organization)

all organ systems work together to keep the body healthy and alive

anatomical position

general body position: straight

head position: facing anteriorly

position of upper appendages: adducted

position of digits (manus): extended

position of palmar surfaces: facing anteriorly

position of lower appendages: adducted, facing anteriorly

position of digits (pes): facing anteriorly, extended, adducted

When lying face down-prone

When lying face up-supine

right upper abdominopelvic quadrant

gallbladder

liver

left upper abdominopelvic quadrant

spleen

stomach

right lower abdominopelvic quadrant

ovary

appendix

left lower abdominopelvic quadrant

ovary

shoulder

acromial

wrist

carpus

forearm

antebrachium

eyes

oculus

mouth

oris

buttock

gluteus

ear

auris

fingers

digits

toes

digits

thumb

pollex

great toe

hallux

armpit

axilla

nape of the neck

nucha/nuchal

neck

cervicis

palm of hand

palma

back of hand

dorsum/dorsal

sole of the foot

planta

top of the foot

dorsum

back

dorsum

lower back

lumbus

ankle

tarsus

heel

calcaneus

skull

cranium

cheek

bucca

groin

inguen

thigh

femur

leg

crus

calf

sura

foot

pes

anterior aspect of elbow

antecubitis

posterior aspect of elbow

olecranon

nose

nasus

kneecap

patella

posterior aspect of knee

popliteus

arm

brachium

chest

thoracis

anterior (ventral)

on or near the front, surface of the body

posterior (dorsal)

toward the back; dorsal

medial

toward the midline of the body

lateral

away from the midline

superficial

located nearer the body surface

deep

toward the interior of the body; farther from surface

superior (cranial)

above; at a higher level; toward the head

inferior (caudal)

below; at a lower level; toward the feet

proximal

toward an attached base

distal

away from an attached base

The nasus is _____ to the ears.

medial

The brachium is _____ to the carpus.

distal

The patella is _____ to the femur.

distal

The sole of the foot is called the _____.

planta

The femur is _____ to the crus.

proximal

The back of the hand is called the _____.

dorsum

The digits (manus) are _____ to the antebrachium.

distal

The epidermis is _____ to the dermis.

superficial

The pollex is on the _____ side of the hand.

lateral

Oris is _____ to the nasus.

inferior

The palm of the hand is called the _____.

palma

The ribs are _____ to the sternum.

lateral

The hypodermis is _____ to the dermis.

deep

midsagittal

a section passing along the midline that divides the body into roughly equal left and right halves

parasagittal plane

a section that runs parallel to the midsagittal line

front plane

parallels the longitudinal axis of the body

transverse plane

lies at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the body being studied

body cavities are confined spaces within the body for:

-separation

-protection

-support

Dorsal cavity:

Which organ is located in the cranial cavity?

Which organ is located in the spinal cavity?

Brain.

Spinal cord.

Which two cavities are in the ventral cavity?

Thoracic Cavity (enclosed my chest wall) and Abdominopelvic cavity enclosed by abdominal wall and pelvis)

What are the subdivisions of the thoracic cavity?

right pleural cavity

mediastinum [pericardial cavity]

left pleural cavity

Which organs are located in the pleural cavities?

the lungs

What is the mediastinum?

Membranous partition that surrounds, stabilizes, and supports the trachea, esophagus, thymus, major blood vessels in/out of the heart, and the heart. This also contains the pericardial cavity which surrounds the heart.

What are the subdivisions of the abdominopelvic cavity?

Abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity

Which organs are located in the abdominal cavity?

liver, spleen, stomach, small intestine, most ov large intestine, kidneys, and pancreas

Which organs are located in the pelvic cavity?

rectum, urinary bladder, and reproductive organs.

What is the name of the internal chamber in the abdominalpelvic cavity and what is the name of the serous membrane found there?

peritoneal cavity,

peritoneum

Which muscle separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?

diaphragm

Serous membrane lining pleural cavities:

parietal pleura

Serous membrane covering the lungs:

visceral pleura

Serous membrane lining the pericardial cavity:

parietal pericardium

serous membrane covering the heart:

visceral pericardium

Serous membrane lining the abdominopelvic cavity:

parietal peritoneum

Serous membrane covering the liver and the stomach

visceral peritoneum

______ system: locomotion; support; thermoregulation

muscular

______ regulates blood volume and composition of body fluids; H2O balance, electrolyte balance, acid-base balance

urinary

______ system: directs long-term changes in activities of other organ systems

endocrine