BOC Domain 1: Risk Reduction, Wellness & Health Literacy Study Guide

These flashcards cover BOC Domain 1 concepts including risk categories, screening procedures, wellness dimensions, pathology types, environmental safety, and epidemiological terminology.

Risk reduction

Activities designed to prevent, ameliorate, treat, and/or reduce injury-related disability and death.

Intrinsic factors

Internal patient characteristics such as medical history, demographics, and education level.

Extrinsic factors

External variables such as environmental, social, or sport-specific conditions.

Modifiable risk factors

Risk factors that can be changed, such as diet and exercise.

Static risk factors

Risk factors that cannot be changed, such as age, gender, and ethnicity.

Epidemiological studies

Studies used to identify the prevalence of injury or disease within a specific population.

Clinical outcome studies

Studies used to identify effective and safe interventions based on personal experience.

Health literacy

The degree to which individuals can obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions.

Wellness

A holistic state of being incorporating physical, social, intellectual, emotional, mental, and spiritual dimensions.

Medical History (PPE)

The cornerstone of the Pre-Participation Exam that identifies approximately $75\%$ of problems.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

The most common cause of death in youth athletes.

All People Eat Tasty Muffins

A mnemonic for cardiac auscultation points: Aortic (R upper sternal border), Pulmonic (L upper sternal border), Erb's point, Tricuspid (L lower sternal border), and Mitral (apex of heart).

Spear tackler's spine

A developmental stenosis of the cervical canal which is a contraindication for sports participation.

Beighton and Horan index

A scale out of $9$ points used to screen for general joint hypermobility.

SPABF

A mnemonic for the five components of multicomponent training for ACL prevention: Strength, Plyometrics, Agility, Balance, and Flexibility.

Head-first contact (HFC)

The deliberate or intentional use of head-down contact in football.

Spearing

The deliberate and intentional use of head-down contact.

Evidence-Based Practice (EBP)

The integration of best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values to make clinical decisions.

Exertional rhabdomyolysis

A condition characterized by the breakdown of muscle tissue, noted as increasing in incidence during collegiate conditioning.

Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids (AAS)

A Schedule III controlled substance primarily synthesized in the gonads and adrenal glands that regulates body physiology.

Stacking

The practice of simultaneously abusing multiple Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids with different half-lives and solubilities.

Health promotion

Efforts to allow individuals or communities to achieve awareness and empowerment regarding prevention and wellness.

Public health

The practice of preventing disease and promoting good health through resources and environments that help people stay healthy.

Health-related quality of life

A broad multidimensional concept involving self-reported measures of physical and mental health.

Mindfulness Meditation

Deliberate training of the mind in present-moment awareness resulting in increased compassion and wellbeing.

Hypoglycemia

A condition of low blood glucose; severe cases involve an athlete being unable to swallow or follow directions.

Hyperglycemia

A condition of high blood glucose; in athletic injury, trauma can cause this state, which impairs wound healing.

Flash-to-bang and 30-minute rule

Criteria for lightning safety: suspend activity when a storm is within $5$ nautical miles ($6\,mi$ or $9.26\,km$) and resume $30$ minutes after the last strike or sound of thunder.

Frostbite

The actual freezing of body tissues such as fingers, toes, or the nose.

Chilblain (Pernio)

An inflammatory response to cold, wet conditions that causes red, swollen, itchy, and painful bumps on the skin.

Immersion (Trench) Foot

Nerve and blood vessel damage result from exposure to cold, wet environments for $12\,hours$ to $4\,days$.

Radiation

A heat loss mechanism where heat escapes directly from exposed skin.

Convection

A heat loss mechanism where wind or moving water strips away the body's warm air layer.

Conduction

A heat loss mechanism where heat is lost through direct contact with something cold, like wet clothes or the ground.

Determinant

In epidemiology, any factor or exposure that can increase or decrease the chance of having a target condition.

Prevalence

The number of current cases of a condition in a given population.

Incidence

A frequency count of new injuries or illnesses in a given time frame.

Odds ratio

A comparison of the odds of an event in an exposed group versus an unexposed group, typically used in retrospective case-control studies.

External validity

Also known as generalizability, the extent to which findings can be generalized to the population of interest.

Time loss injury

An injury that restricts sport participation for at least $24\,hours$.