Memmler's Ch 1: Organization of the Human Body

What is anatomy the study of?

Body structure.

What is physiology the study of?

How the body functions/works.

What is the chemical level made of?

• Simple substances: Water and salts.

• Complex materials: Sugars, fats, and proteins.

What is the definition of a living cell?

• Basic units of life.

• Built from chemicals.

What are tissues?

• Specialized groups of cells that work together to perform a specific function.

• Examples: muscle tissue and connective tissue.

What is an organ?

• Two or more different tissue types functioning together as a unit for a specific purpose.

• Example: a muscle contains both muscle tissue and connective tissue.

What is an organ system (body system)?

• Organs working together for a common purpose/function.

• (Note: All systems working together form the whole organism).

What is the main function of the integumentary system?

• Protection from injury and infection.

What are the major organs/structures of the integumentary system?

• Skin, hair, nails, sweat and oil glands.

What is the main function of the skeletal system?

• Support the body.

• Provide a framework for movement.

• Protect internal organs.

What are the major organs/structures of the skeletal system?

• Bones, joints.

What is the main function of the muscular system?

• Produce movement.

• Give the body structure.

• Protects organs.

• Maintain posture.

What are the major organs/structures of the muscular system?

• Skeletal muscles, tendons.

What is the main function of the nervous system?

• Fast-acting control.

• Senses.

• Coordinates responses.

What are the major organs/structures of the nervous system?

• Brain, spinal cord, nerves, sensory receptors.

What is the main function of the endocrine system?

• Slow-acting controls via hormones.

• Regulates growth/metabolism.

What are the major organs/structures of the endocrine system?

• Pituitary, thyroid, pancreas, adrenal glands.

What is the main function of the cardiovascular system?

• Transports blood, oxygen, nutrients, and waste.

What are the major organs/structures of the cardiovascular system?

• Heart, blood vessels, blood.