Chapter 18- Control of Gene Expression in Bacteria

Jacob

________ and Monod coined the term operon to describe a set of coordinately regulated bacterial genes that are transcribed together into one polycistronic mRNA.

E coli

A protein known as the catabolite activator protein (CAP) has long been viewed as exerting positive control of many operons in ________, including the lαc operon.

lactose metabolism

The group of genes involved in ________ was termed the lαc operon.

allosteric regulation

In ________, a small molecule binds to a protein and causes it to change its shape and activity.

inducer

A(n) ________ is a small molecule that triggers transcription of a specific gene.

Positive control

________ occurs when a regulatory protein called an activator binds to DNA and triggers transcription.

Negative control

________ occurs when a regulatory protein called a repressor binds to DNA and shuts down transcription.

Transcriptional control

________: The cell could make mRNAs only for proteins it needs.

Negative feedback control

________ is a form of control in which the final product of a pathway inhibits the production of the product.

lαc operon

The repressor binds to a DNA sequence in the ________ called the operator.

Post translational control

________: After translation, many proteins have to be activated by chemical modification, such as the addition of a phosphate group, in order to function.

Transcriptional control

The cell could make mRNAs only for proteins it needs

Translational control

The cell could prevent the mRNAs for unneeded proteins from being translated

Post-translational control

After translation, many proteins have to be activated by chemical modification, such as the addition of a phosphate group, in order to function

Translational control

The cell could prevent the mRNAs for unneeded proteins from being translated.

Constitutive mutants

Cells that are abnormal because they produce a product at all times instead of regulating expression of the product are called

Operator

The repressor binds to a DNA sequence in the lαc operon called the

catabolite activator protein (CAP)

has long been viewed as exerting positive control of many operons in E. coli, including the lαc operon. 

Co-repressor

The only difference is that for the trp operon the small molecule regulator is called a

Global gene regulation

is the coordinated regulation of many genes.

Regulon

is a set of separate genes and operons at contain the same regulatory sequences and are controlled by a single type of regulatory protein