ch 5 membrane structure and transport

solute

substance dissolved in water

solvent

in living bodies- it is water

hypertonic solution

has a higher solute concentration

hypotonic solution

has a lower solute concentration

isotonic solution

has an equal solute concentration

diffusion

passive movement down concentration gradient

osmosis

water special type of diffsuion

selectively permeable

only allows some substances to pass through

phospholipid head

contains a phosphate group

fatty acid tail

makes up interior of lipid bilayer

cholesterol

gives plasma membrane structural strength

carbohydrate chain

attatched to outer face of plasma membrane

peripheral protein

serves as an anchor for cytoskeleton

transmebrane protein

spans entire plasma membrane

faciliated diffusion

requires assistance to cross plasma membrane

is water a solute in living bodies?

no

the plasma membrane is mainly composed of

lipids

what served as a channel across the lipid bilayer

transmembrane proteins

what is the effect heat has on diffusion

heat increases rate

a red blood cell in a hypertonic solution would

shrink/crenate

a red blood cell in a hypotonic solution would

swell and may burst (lyse)

a red blood cell in a isotonic solution would

not change shape