Module 2: Built Terms

adenocarcinoma

cancerous tumor of glandular tissue

adenoma

tumor composed of glandular tissue (benign)

carcinoma

cancerous tumor (malignant)

chloroma

tumor of green color (malignant, arising from myeloid tissue)

epithelioma

tumor composed of epithelium (may be benign or malignant)

fibroma

tumor composed of fiber (fibrous tissue) (benign)

fibrosarcoma

malignant tumor composed of fiber (fibrous tissue)

leiomyoma

tumor composed of smooth muscle (benign)

leiomyosarcoma

malignant tumor of smooth muscle

lipoma

tumor composed of fat (benign tumor)

liposarcoma

malignant tumor of fat

melanocarcinoma

cancerous black tumor (malignant)

melanoma

black tumor (primarily of the skin)

myoma

tumor composed of muscle (benign)

neoplasm

new growth (of abnormal tissue, benign or malignant)

neuroma

tumor composed of nerve (benign)

rhabdomyoma

tumor composed of striated muscle (benign)

rhabdomyosarcoma

malignant tumor of striated muscle

sarcoma

tumor of connective tissue (such as bone or cartilage)(highly malignant)

cytogenic

producing cells

cytoid

resembling a cell

cytology

study of cells

cytoplasm

cell substance

dysplasia

abnormal development

epithelial

pertaining to epithelium

erythrocyte

red (blood) cell

erythrocytosis

increase in the number of red (blood) cells

histology

study of tissues

hyperplasia

excessive development (number of cells)

hypoplasia

incomplete development (of an organ or tissue)

karyocyte

cell with a nucleus

karyoplasm

substance of a nucleus

leukocyte

white (blood) cell

leukocytosis

increase in the number of white (blood) cells

lipoid

resembling fat

myopathy

disease of the muscle

neuroid

resembling a nerve

organomegaly

enlargement of an organ

somatic

pertaining to the body

somatogenic

originating in the body (organic as opposed to psychogenic)

somatopathy

disease of the body

somatoplasm

body substance

systemic

pertaining to a (body) system (or the body as a whole)

visceral

pertaining to the internal organs

cancerous

pertaining to cancer

carcinogen

substance that causes cancer

carcinogenic

producing cancer

cyanosis

abnormal condition of blue (bluish discoloration, especially of the skin, caused by inadequate supply of oxygen in the blood)

diagnosis

state of complete knowledge

etiology

study of causes (of diseases)

iatrogenic

produced by a physician (the unexpected results from a treatment prescribed by a physician)

iatrology

study of medicine

metastasis

beyond control (transfer of cells from one organ to another, as in malignant tumors)

oncogenic

causing tumors

oncologist

physician who studies and treats (malignant) tumors

oncology

study of tumors (a branch of medicine concerned with the study of malignant tumors)

organic

pertaining to an organ

pathogenic

producing disease

pathologist

physician who studies diseases (examines biopsies and performs autopsies to determine the cause of disease or death)

pathology

study of disease (a branch of medicine dealing with the study of the causes of disease and death)

prognosis

state of before knowledge (prediction of the outcome of disease)

xanthochromic

pertaining to yellow color

xanthosis

abnormal condition of yellow (discoloration)

caudad

toward the tail (or the inferior portion of the trunk; downward)

cephalad

toward the head (upward)

lateral

pertaining to the side

medial

pertaining to the middle

unilateral

pertaining to one side (only)

bilateral

pertaining to two sides

mediolateral

pertaining to the middle and to the side

distal

pertaining to away (from the point of attachment of a body part)

proximal

pertaining to near (to the point of attachment of a body part)

inferior

pertaining to below

superior

pertaining to above

caudal

pertaining to the tail (synonymous with inferior in human anatomy when specifying location in the trunk of the body)

cephalic

pertaining to the head

anterior

pertaining to the front

posterior

pertaining to the back

dorsal

pertaining to the back, especially of animals

ventral

pertaining to the belly (front)

anteroposterior

pertaining to the front and to the back

posteroanterior

pertaining to the back and to the front

adenofibroma

fibrous tumor of a gland

adenosarcoma

malignant tumor of a gland

aplasia

lack of development

carcinogenesis

production of cancer

lipocyte

fat cell

myocyte

muscle cell

fibroid

resembling fibrous tissue

fibrous

pertaining to fibrous tissue

pathogen

substance that produces disease

pathogenesis

production of disease

visceromegaly

enlargement of internal organs

adenosis

abnormal condition of a gland