ADVANCED SWIMMING

A comprehensive set of Q&A flashcards covering breathing, floating, body coordination, kicking, strokes, floating variations, safety, history, equipment, benefits, and key terminology from the lecture notes.

What is the basic breathing technique described for swimming when your head is underwater?

Breathe out through both your nose and mouth; when you lift your head to the side, take a deep breath before returning your face to the water.

Why is floating taught as a foundational skill in swimming?

Floating helps you get used to moving through water, keeps your body on the surface due to buoyant force, and allows you to stay afloat if you fall in until you are rescued.

In swimming, what is the correct order of body movement from start to forward motion?

Hands move and cut through water first, followed by the elbow, with the rest of the body moving in a coordinated, synchronized way using core muscles.

What is the role of kicking in swimming and how is it commonly practiced?

Kicking helps move the body forward; kickboards are often used by coaches to support the swimmer's body.

Name some common swimming strokes.

Front crawl, sidestroke, backstroke, and butterfly.

What is gliding in swimming used for?

A streamlined position with arms extended, head between the arms, and feet back to minimize drag after starts, push-offs, or rests.

What does submerging mean in swimming practice?

Putting the head under the water and holding the breath for a few seconds before coming up.

Describe the bobbing exercise in swimming.

Holding onto the pool side in chest-deep water, bending the knees and straightening them, holding breath, and bobbing up and down.

What is sculling in swimming?

Moving the hands through the water in a figure-eight pattern to gain continuous propulsion.

What does breathing control involve in water?

A quick inhale followed by a quick exhale to manage breathing while swimming.

What is breath holding in swimming practice?

Inhale air and hold it for a period before exhaling.

What is the dog paddle?

Arms move forward with legs kicking; swimmer lies on the chest and alternates arm and leg movements like a dog in water.

What are blocks in competitive swimming?

Platforms from which swimmers dive in competition.

Describe the Eggbeater kick.

A rotary kick with legs alternating in a circular pattern, providing continuous support without swaying; legs bend about 90 degrees and move in opposite directions with feet flexed.

Describe the Flutter kick.

An alternating whipping motion of the legs; used in various strokes and for treading water.

Describe the Frog kick (also called whip kick).

Legs are drawn toward the body with knees bent, feet together, then straightened apart and brought together quickly.

Describe the Dolphin kick.

Legs move up and down together with knees bent on the upswing.

Describe the Scissor kick.

One leg moves forward while the other moves back, then they come together in a scissor-like action, commonly used in sidestroke.

What is a Football kick in this context?

A kicking action associated with kicking a ball; listed in notes but not a primary swimming kick.

What is a Survival Float (Jellyfish/Dead Man’s Float)?

Lie on the stomach with face underwater and limbs dangling; breathe when needed, then exhale and relax to drop back, repeating as needed.

Describe the Horizontal Back Float.

Lie on your back with arms out, legs straight, face above water, and relax to float with minimal effort.

Describe the Horizontal Survival Float.

Most energy-efficient position for extended open-water time; lie face down with arms to the sides, elbows forward, hands near the front of the head.

Describe the Vertical Back Float.

Face stays above water; upper chest and face stay out while the legs sink below the surface.

Describe the Vertical Survival Float.

Swimmer stands with head near surface; elbows bent, arms out, feet crossed to limit movement for survival in open water.

Describe the Back Float.

Lie on the back with a slightly arched spine, arms at sides, and small kicks to stay near the surface.

What is Treading Water and why is it useful?

A technique to stay afloat with the head above water; involves arm movements and scissor kicks; allows looking around in water.

What is a Starfish Float?

Floating on the back or chest in a horizontal position with arms and legs spread apart in a star shape.

Describe the Tucked Float (Mushroom Float).

Knees brought to the chest, face submerged, hugging the legs; used for somersault practice and building confidence in a compact float.

What are the four main competitive strokes?

Freestyle, Backstroke, Butterfly, Breaststroke.

What are the survival strokes intended to do?

Help conserve energy by keeping hands under the water during strokes.

Give two highlights from the history of swimming up to the modern era.

Ancient origins across Egyptian, Phoenician, Persian, Roman, and Greek civilizations; 9000 B.C. earliest pictorial swimming records in the Libyan desert; 1538 Wynmen's Art of Swimming; 1828 first indoor pool St Georges Baths; 1830-37 rise of modern competitive swimming in Europe; 1896 first modern Olympics; 1908 FINA formed.

Which institutions were pioneers in swimming education in the Philippines?

The University of the Philippines and Philippine Women’s University were the first to have a swimming pool and include swimming in the curriculum.

When did butterfly become recognized as a variation of breaststroke?

1953.

What is the significance of the 1920s-1930s for swimming in colleges?

Swimming was first included in college Physical Education programs.

What are some early milestones in competitive swimming development in Britain and Europe?

1830: competitive swimming begins in Britain/England (mostly breaststroke); 1837: modern competitive swimming begins in London; 1844: freestyle first seen in London races.

What equipment is commonly used in swimming lessons?

Kick boards, Noodle, Hand paddles, Leg floats, Life vest/PFD, Swim cap, Nose plug, Skin protection, Float belts.

What is the purpose of a kickboard?

To support the swimmer’s body and assist with practicing kicking.

What is a Personal Flotation Device (PFD) used for?

Buoyancy aid used to help stay afloat safely in the water.

What are key water safety rules one should follow before entering a pool?

Shower before entering; never swim alone; swim only in supervised areas; do not swim when sick; do not overexert yourself; dry well after swimming; obey signs; wash feet before entering pool.

What are the 3 general rules of swimming lessons?

Don’t get frustrated; Be patient; Practice.

What is rhythm breathing in swimming?

Coordinate breathing with kicking by turning the head sideways to inhale and lowering to exhale; keep water level around the hairline when exhaling and submerge the ear slightly during inhalation.