FMED - cardiorespiratory

Normal rate

Heart rate - 70 bpm

Respiratory rate - 20 bpm

Lung sounds - upper and lower

Rhythm - arrhythmiau is irregular

A and P

Ventricular septal defect (VSD)

In developing animals, the small interseptal whole is used to bypass the lungs due to no external O2 but should close at birth

Causes a murmur = smaller hole - louder murmur

fluid backs up through the vena cava into the abdomen

Clinical Signs = decrease in activity, Fluid in abdomen

Diagnosis = will die eventually

Treatment is uncommon

Sinusitis

infection of the sinuses

common in cattle because of dehorning and exposing the sinus cavity.

Clinical Signs: Weakness, anorexia, stridor, smelly, and sick

Diagnosis = collect history of what possibly could have happened, clinical signs and examination

Treatment = Trephine (creating hole in head) antibiotics, flushing, pain relievers

prevention = dehorn animals sooner

Pneumonia

Bronchial (breathing) vs Interstitial (from body)

Viral: IBR, BRSV, PI3 and Coronavirus

Bacterial:Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Histophilus somni, Mycoplasma bovis, Mycoplasma ovipneumonia