HS 200 exam 3 Bryce Lane NCSU

How is water able to translocate up through trees that are well over 100 feet tall?

cohesion, tension

What is true about the chlorophyll molecule?

contains nitrogen and magnesium, is dynamic, it is sensitive to light, its production is stimulated by light

My big yellow flowering hybrid rose bush I bought last spring successfully survived the winter and has been growing well this spring. By early summer it began to flower amazingly the flowers are small and white! what happened?

the rose is grafted and the grafted portion died all the way to the union, leaving the stock which is a wild white flowering type

A major advantage to cloning is

limits genetic diversity

the process where one stimulates a shrub branch to root before it is cut from the main plant is an example of

layering

Why would one want to use the method listed above?

works on plants that may have a difficult time rooting from cuttings

ideal gardening soil:

45% mineral, 5% organic matter, 25% air space, 25% water space

Seeds that germinate and grow normally are called

viable

Best method to scarify physically dormant temperate seeds:

hot water treatment

order of treatment for temperate seeds that are "Double Dormant"

scarification, followed by stratification, followed by planting

Soil pores that are unable to hold water against the force of gravity

macropores

"Rootone" is a material that can be applied to cuttings to help stimulate adventitious rooting. Rootone is a synthetic version of a naturally occurring plant hormone called

auxin

The most important factor to make happen when rooting cuttings is:

reduce water loss due to transpiration by maintaining a high relative humidity

the "easiest' and most economic way to overcome self-incompatibility in plants would be:

employ the "Mr.Rogers" method

What is a major disadvantage to cloning plants?

limits genetic diversity

Plant roots do not grow very well at all in which of the following soil horizons?

B horizon (sub soil)

To increase the longevity of most seeds you should store them in which of the following conditions?

in the refrigerator (40F with 30-40% relative humidity )

Term used to describe event where the water percolates through the soil taking salts, and nutrients with it

leaching

when taking cuttings it is best to "direct sick" them into

a pot containing potting soil

Best method for vegetatively propagating many herbaceous perennials with large expanding crowns:

division

What do you call a group of plants all derived from the same individual and propagated exclusively by vegetative means?

clone

Air layering is a great way to stimulate rooting of many houseplants, and woody plants such as gardenia. How long does it generally take to produce roots on an air layer?

about 3 months

An example of a self-incompatible plant that requires home garden attention would be:

apple

Your neighbor asks you why every time they cultivate the rows between their vegetables to control weeds, two weeks later they have more weeds to contend with than they had before. What do you tell them?

many seeds require exposure to light and the weed seeds below the soil were brought to the surface by cultivation

Grafting is a very unique form of plant propagation. Why would you want to graft a plant, after all, it requires much skill and patience?

plant breeding often leads to plants that cant grow on their own roots, this method allows them to thrive

The natural occurring plant hormone Auxin was first discovered in which easy to root plant species?

Salix (underlined) (willow)

condition in some fruit where the seeds germinate while they are still inside the ripe fruit:

vivipary

Is a "cutting" alive?

yes

what do we measure to determine if cuttings, seeds, or plants are alive?

repiration

What do rose breeders sacrifice in order to maximize flower color, fragrance, and size?

root vigor

Soil is defined as:

stuff plus space

well-built soil increases water infiltration by

20%

Term used to describe how long a seed remains viable:

longevity

If you had a 1000 very small physically dormant temperate woody plant seeds and wanted to scarify them successfully, quickly, and safely, what method would you choose to use?

hot water method

when referring to the petals of a flower collectively one uses the term

corolla

the whole female part of the flower is termed

pistil

all imperfect flowers are incomplete

agree

Dioecious plants have

staminate flowers on one plant and pistillate flowers on a different plant of the same species

Why is it so important to know if a plant is dioecious or not?

it may have desirable fruit and it may have undesirable fruit

Monoecious plants have

staminate flowers and pistillate flowers on the same plant

It is important to know that plants in the genus Ilex (holly) are dioecious why?

because the females produce desirable red fruit

Do the male plants of the dioecious Ginkgo biloba (both underlined) produce flowers?

yes

The two flower parts that have direct sexual reproductive function are

stamen and pistils

Where does pollination occur in plants

stigma

A mature flower ovary is called

fruit

What part of a "plant pregnancy" is different genetic information tha the mother? This explains why a grafted apple will always produce more than one kind of fruit regardless of "who" pollinates the flowers

the seed

A flower that has sepals, petals, and only stamen is most correctly termed

staminate

Markings on a flower that indicates to pollinators that there is nectar in the flower

nectar guides

Flower color hummingbirds are most attracted to

red

An ideal soil should have what percent pore space?

50%

What do you call a whole plant surrounded by a protective covering?

seed