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What is bond dissociation energy?
The energy required to break a COVALENT bond homolytically
What is the relationship between bond strength and bond disassociation energy?
The stronger the bond, the strong the bond disassociation energy
What happens to energy during bond formation?
Energy is released
What is the relationship between energy and stability of a compound?
As energy decreases, the compound becomes more stable
When Keq is involved, what value favors products and what value favors reactants?
When Keq>1, products are favored
When Keq<1, reactants are favored
What is the relationship between equilibrium constant and free enegy?
-When Keq is greater than 1, the change in free energy is negative, and a spont. rxn occurs
-When Keq is less than 1, the change in free energy is positive, and the rxn cannot occur spont.
What does the change in free energy, change in enthalpy, and the equilibrium indicate/not indicate?
These do NOT indicate the rate of a reaction; but DO indicate equilibrium direction and relative energy
What is used to compose the rate equation for a two-step reaction?
The concentration of reactants that are present in ONLY the rate determining step
What factors affect reaction rates?
-Temperature
-Concentration of reactants
-Catalysts
What is the relationship between rate constant and activation energy?
An inverse relationship exists
What is the corresponding change in free energy for an EXERgonic reaction?
A NEGATIVE change in free energy
What is the corresponding change in free energy for an ENDERgonic reaction?
A POSITIVE change in free energy
When predicting change in entropy for organic reactions, what is one way of doing so?
If more molecules are present on the reactant side than the product side, entropy has decreased and vice versa
What is transition state?
-When reactants are converted into products
-When old bonds break and new bonds form
-Symbol is a tally mark but turned sideways
What are examples of reactive intermediates?
Radicals, carbocations, carboanions
