Psych 2nd midterm v2

Gregor Mendel

Specific characteristics from mother and father are passed down to offspring

Piaget

Stage Theory of Development

Centering

Focusing on one dimension while ignoring others (2 nickels > 1 quarter)

Irreversibility

The inability to envision reversing an action

Seriate

Size order

Conservation

Volume changing

Anthromorphic thinking

Human characteristics to inanimate objects

Artificialism

Humans make the environment

Abstract Thought

Hard to understand things that aren't real or physical

Vygotsky

Interested in how children learn with interacting with an adult, scaffolding, zone of proximal development

Zone of Proximal Development

How well you learn with assistance

John Bulby

Trauma Theory

Mary Amesworth

Strange Situation, children and stranger experiement

Elaborate Rehearsal

Connecting new info to pre-existing info. Spatio-Visual Rehearsal, and Spatio-Temporal Rehearsal

Maintenance Rehearsal

Basic repetition, Auditory Rehearsal, Articulation Rehearsal

Controlled Processing

Method of info processing used when dealing with complex situations or learning new skills

Kruglanski Experiment

Students chose UMD's colors as softer

Habituation

Getting used to something, having a less strong response over repeated stimuli

Behaviorism

Everything we do is shaped by our responses to stimuli

John Watson

Performed experiment on Baby Albert (white rat and yelling)

B.F. Skinner

We learn through consequences

Shaping

Starts with easier tasks to reinforce to build up to harder ones

Albert Bandura

Bobo Clown Experiment (children attacked the clown after seeing a video of an adult attacking it)

Freud

Believed the brain had a large unconscious part that controlled many of our decisions

Wishful Fullfilment

We dream what we want

Activation Synthesis Theory

Dreams are a byproduct of learning and a way of making sense to random brain activity

Revonsuo

Dreaming is a evolutionary defense in which we practice for what to do in the real world