CH 16 FILL IN THE BLANK

These flashcards cover key concepts related to the phylogenetic diversity of bacteria, focusing on their classification, notable genera, and characteristics.

Bacteria can be distinguished into __ phyla based on 16S ribosomal RNA.

80+

Only __ of the 80+ phyla have species that have been successfully cultured.

30 phyla

More than __ percent of characterized bacteria genera and species come from four major phyla.

90

The four major phyla of characterized bacteria are __, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes.

Proteobacteria

Proteobacteria is the __ and most metabolically diverse phylum.

largest

Proteobacteria are known to be all __.

gram-negative

Proteobacteria are divided into six classes: Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, __, Epsilon-, and Zeta-.

Gamma-

Alphaproteobacteria contain nearly __ described species.

1000

Most Alphaproteobacteria are __ aerobes or facultative aerobes.

obligate

Many Alphaproteobacteria are oligotrophic, meaning they can grow at __ nutrient concentrations.

low

Some notable genera of Alphaproteobacteria includes Rickettsia, __, and Bartonella.

Caulobacter

Members of the order Rhizobiales include genera that form __ with legumes.

root nodules

Agrobacterium tumefaciens is known to cause __ disease in plants.

crown gall

Obligate intracellular parasites of humans and transmitted by arthropods belong to the genus __.

Rickettsia

The genus __ is known to lack peptidoglycan and is found within the Rickettsiales order.

Wolbachia

Methylobacterium is sometimes referred to as __ because of its distinct color.

pink-pigmented facultative methylotrophs

Pelagibacter is known to be the most abundant bacterial species in __.

ocean photic zones

Rhodobacter is a part of the __ order known for its metabolic versatility.

Rhodobacterales

Key genera of Betaproteobacteria include Burkholderia and __.

Neisseria

Hydrogenophilales and Methylophilales are specialized metabolic groups within __.

Betaproteobacteria

The key genus __ includes species responsible for numerous human diseases such as typhoid fever.

Salmonella

The genus __ is known for forming red pigments and is associated with urinary tract infections.

Serratia

Fertilizing bacteria under the order __ can engage in nitrogen fixation.

Rhodocyclales

Pseudomonas is a genus known for being highly __ in diverse environments.

ubiquitous

Some species of Vibrio are associated with human illnesses like __.

cholera

Deltaproteobacteria are characterized primarily by their ability to reduce __ and sulfur.

sulfate

Epsilonproteobacteria include key genera like Helicobacter and __.

Campylobacter

Actinobacteria are known for having high __ content in their genomic DNA.

G+C base pair

Tenericutes lack a __, making them unique among bacteria.

cell wall

Lactobacillus is a common genus of __ bacteria used in the production of yogurt.

lactic acid

Streptococcus is important in producing fermented dairy products and can form __.

dental caries

Clostridium species are primarily known for their ability to ferment __.

amino acids

Mycobacterium species are notable for their __ nature due to high mycolic acid content.

acid-fastness

The key genera of Chlamydiae include Chlamydia and __.

Chlamydophila

Chlamydiae lack typical wall structure but are susceptible to beta-lactam antibiotics.

cell