sheep dytocia

What is the most common cause of dystocia?

Malpresentation

What should be assessed about the dam's previous births during history taking?

Any complications during previous births and how many lambs she has had.

What is a sign that a dam may be overdue?

The fetus is likely to be large.

What indicates a dam may be experiencing a premature birth?

The likelihood of an abortion.

What should be observed regarding the dam's contractions?

Uterine and/or abdominal contractions should be noted.

What evidence should be checked for any signs of fetal life?

Presence of fetal membranes, fluid expulsed, and visible fetal parts.

What does BAR stand for in the clinical exam?

Bright, alert, responsive.

What should be assessed during the vaginal exam regarding the cervix?

Whether the cervix is open or not.

What are two types of treatment options for dystocia?

Conservative treatment and surgical treatment.

What drug can be used to induce contractions in the dam?

Oxytocin.

What condition may require a caesarean section during fetal delivery?

Foeto-maternal disproportion or malpresentation that is uncorrectable.

What clinical sign may indicate inadequate expulsive forces in the dam?

Uterine inertia or weak abdominal straining.

What is one possible foetal cause of dystocia?

Oversized fetus or congenital monsters.

In cases where the fetal position is incorrect, what is typically possible through manipulation?

Correcting the presentation, posture, or position.

What is the consequence of dystocia for both dam and neonate?

Reduced welfare for both the dam and the neonate.

What can happen if dystocia leads to stillbirth?

Dam death may occur.

What is a possible surgical procedure if the fetal is already dead?

Fetotomy.

What is the purpose of using a tocolytic agent such as clenbuterol?

To reduce contractions and postpone labor if it is premature.

What are two signs of fetal life that can be assessed during the examination?

Suckling and withdrawal reflex in utero.

What physical signs should be checked for in an abdominal exam of the dam?

Abdominal distension and any visible fetal parts at the vulva.

What is a critical risk associated with performing a caesarean on a decomposing calf?

Risk of peritonitis.

What is the role of calcium supplementation in treating dystocia?

To improve contractions if low calcium is causing poor contractions.

What is one potential consequence of dystocia related to postpartum problems?

Increased risk of metritis or retained fetal membranes (RFM).

What does the presence of vulval discharge during examination indicate?

Potential underlying complications or conditions related to dystocia.

Why is it important to assess the BCS (Body Condition Score) of the dam?

It can impact the likelihood of successful delivery.