BIOLOGY PPE1

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23 Terms

1
Cardiovascular diseases
Diseases of the heart and blood vessels that are non-communicable.
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2
Coronary arteries
Arteries that branch out of the aorta to supply oxygen to the heart muscle.
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3
Coronary heart disease
Condition where layers of fatty material build up in coronary arteries, reducing blood flow.
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4
Statins
Drugs that reduce cholesterol levels in the blood and slow down arterial fatty buildup.
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5
Stent
A tube inserted into an artery to keep it open and allow normal blood flow.
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6
Heart failure
A condition where the heart cannot pump enough blood around the body.
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7
Cystic Fibrosis
An inherited disorder that affects the function of cell membranes.
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8
Alleles
Different forms of a gene; can be dominant or recessive.
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9
Lock and Key Theory
Process where substrates fit perfectly into the active site of enzymes.
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10
Protease
An enzyme that breaks down proteins into amino acids.
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11
Amylase
An enzyme that breaks down starch into simple sugars.
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12
Lipase
An enzyme that digests lipids into glycerol and fatty acids.
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13
Alveoli
Tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs.
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14
Diffusion
Movement of gases from areas of higher concentration to lower concentration.
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15
Epidermal tissue
Thin protective layer of cells covering the top and bottom of a leaf.
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16
Photosynthesis
Process by which plants use chlorophyll to convert light energy into chemical energy.
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17
Xylem
Tissue that transports water and dissolved minerals from roots to leaves.
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18
Phloem
Tissue that transports dissolved sugars from the leaves to the rest of the plant.
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19
Translocation
Movement of sugars and other molecules through phloem tissue.
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20
Independent variable
The variable that is changed during an experiment.
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21
Dependent variable
The variable that is measured in an experiment.
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22
Control variable
Variables that are kept the same throughout an experiment.
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23
Osmosis
Diffusion of water from high concentration to low concentration through a semi-permeable membrane.
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