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What was the belief in Manifest Destiny about the United States?

It was the belief that the U.S. was destined to expand across the North American continent.

What was a major conflict over Texas?

The annexation of Texas led to tensions and eventually war with Mexico.

Who was the leader of the Texan army at the Battle of San Jacinto?

Sam Houston.

What significant battle occurred in 1836 where Texan defenders were overwhelmed?

The Battle of the Alamo.

Who was the U.S. president during the annexation of Texas and the Oregon territories?

John Tyler.

What was the significance of the Election of 1844?

The election debated issues of territorial expansion, particularly concerning Texas, Oregon, and California.

Who was the president that led the U.S. during the Mexican-American War?

James Polk.

What triggered the conflict with Mexico over borders?

Disputes over the Texas-Mexico border following the annexation of Texas.

Who was the commanding general of American forces during the Mexican-American War?

Winfield Scott.

What treaty ended the Mexican-American War?

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.

What did the Mexican Cession entail?

It involved Mexico ceding a large portion of territory to the U.S., including present-day California, Arizona, New Mexico, and others.

What was the Wilmot Proviso?

It was an unsuccessful proposal to ban slavery in territory acquired from Mexico.

What phrase summarizes the goal of Manifest Destiny?

To overspread the continent.

What was the purpose of Lincoln’s Spot Resolutions?

To question the justification for the Mexican-American War.

What was the key message of Lincoln's Gettysburg Address?

It emphasized national unity and the sacrifice made for freedom and equality.

What did Lincoln express in his letter to Horace Greeley?

His primary goal was to save the Union, even if it meant allowing slavery to continue.

What themes were present in Lincoln's 1st and 2nd Inaugural Addresses?

Themes of unity, reconciliation, and the importance of liberty.

What did the Emancipation Proclamation achieve?

It declared the freedom of all enslaved people in the states in rebellion.

What was the Free Soil Party's main platform?

Opposition to the expansion of slavery into the western territories.

What compromise aimed to resolve the issues of slavery and territory in 1850?

The Compromise of 1850.

What was Calhoun's defense regarding slavery?

He argued for the right of states to allow slavery and the protection of slavery as a constitutional right.

What was the purpose of the Fugitive Slave Act?

To require escaped slaves to be returned to their enslavers.

What was the Underground Railroad?

A network assisting enslaved people to escape to free states.

What is Popular Sovereignty?

The principle that the people of a territory should decide on the legality of slavery.

What did the Kansas-Nebraska Act do?

It allowed residents of Kansas and Nebraska to decide whether to allow slavery.

Who wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin and what was its impact?

Harriet Beecher Stowe; it raised anti-slavery sentiments in the North.

What was 'Bleeding Kansas'?

A violent conflict between pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions in Kansas.

What incident involved the caning of Senator Charles Sumner?

It was a physical attack by Representative Preston Brooks after Sumner's anti-slavery speech.

What was the main goal of The Republican Party when it was formed?

To oppose the spread of slavery into the territories.

What was the Dred Scott Decision?

A Supreme Court ruling that declared African Americans were not citizens and had no legal standing.

What was the main idea of Lincoln's House-Divided Speech?

A nation divided by slavery cannot stand.

What were the Lincoln-Douglas Debates about?

They focused on the issue of slavery and its expansion into the territories.

What was Special Field Order 15?

An order that allocated land to former enslaved people.

What was the Freedmen's Bureau?

A government agency created to assist freed slaves during Reconstruction.

What is Sharecropping/Crop lien?

An agricultural system where farmers work land owned by someone else in exchange for a share of the crops.

What were Black Codes?

Laws passed in the South to restrict the rights of freedmen.

What did the Civil Rights Bill of 1866 achieve?

It granted citizenship and equal rights to all persons born in the U.S., including former slaves.

What does the 13th Amendment accomplish?

It abolished slavery in the United States.

What is the significance of the 14th Amendment?

It granted citizenship to anyone born in the U.S. and ensured equal protection under the law.

What was the aim of the Reconstruction Act?

To rebuild the South and integrate freed slaves into society.

What was the Tenure of Office Act, and what did it lead to?

It restricted the president's power to remove certain officeholders without Senate approval, leading to Andrew Johnson's impeachment.

What does the 15th Amendment guarantee?

It prohibits the denial of the right to vote based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

Who were carpetbaggers and scalawags?

Carpetbaggers were Northern Republicans who moved South; scalawags were Southern whites who supported Reconstruction.

What was the Ku Klux Klan?

A white supremacist group formed to oppose Reconstruction and maintain white dominance.

Who were the Redeemers?

Southern Democrats who aimed to reclaim power after Reconstruction.

What was the Bargain of 1877?

An agreement that resolved the disputed 1876 election, leading to the withdrawal of federal troops from the South.

What was the relationship between Frederick Douglass and Abraham Lincoln?

Douglass was an abolitionist leader who often advocated for African American rights and communicated with Lincoln regarding these issues.