Photosynthesis Reassessment Study Guide

What describes the conversion of ADP to ATP?

An input of energy to attach a third phosphate group

Stuart is listing the changes to matter and energy that occur during the process of photosynthesis. Which of these examples should he include in his list?

Changes that convert light energy into chemical energy stored in carbohydrates

Shoi-minig is explaining why chlorophyll is classified as a plant pigment and how it is useful in photosynthesis. Which property of chlorophyll would be most appropriate for them to cite?

Chlorophyll’s ability to absorb light

What is the role of the electron transport chain in the process of photosyntheis?

Carrying electrons from Photosystem II to Photosystem I, to NADP+

Yasmine is asked to describe the structural organization of chloroplasts. She writes the following sentence: “A chloroplast contains thylakoid stacks, called stroma, that are surrounded by fluid filled grana.” Which change to the sentence is necessary to make the sentence accurate?

Exchange the position of stroma and grana

Xavier is describing the role of electron carriers, such as NADP+, in photosynthesis. Which property of NADP+ should Xavier cite?

Its ability to accept and release high-energy electrons and a hydrogen ion

What best describes the role of light in the overall process of photosythesis?

Light provides the energy for assembling small molecules into sugars

During photosynthesis, waht best describes the role of the compound with the chemical formula C6H1206?

A product that is useful because of its high-energy chemical bonds

What best describes the roles of Photosystem I and Photosystem II in the process of photosynthesis?

They absorb sunlight and transfer the energy to electrons.

During the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, which event must occur for ATP synthase to function properly?

Hydrogen ions must pass through a channel within ATP synthase.

Zuri is developing a model of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis, also known as the Calvin cycle. How should the model show how carbon compounds enter and exit the cycle?

Enter as carbon dioxide, exit as 3-carbon molecules

Plants depend on a wide variety of carbon compounds, including carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. What best describes the role of photosynthesis in producing these compounds?

Photosynthesis produces 3-carbon molecules that can be converted into other compounds

Katie is making a model to illustrate the functions of ADP and ATP in photosynthesis. Which model best illustrates the role of ATP in photosynthesis?

A rechargeable battery that stores and releases energy

What is the main role of carbon dioxide during the process of photosynthesis?

Carbon dioxide is used to assemble sugars, the main product of photosynthesis.

Under normal conditions, gasses diffuse through small holes in the leaves of a plant. When the weather is very hot and dry, plants may close these openings to conserve waters. How are the losures most likely to affect photosynthesis?

They decrease the rate of photosynthesis by preventing carbon dioxide from entering the leaf

What product of the light reactions is released and not further used in photosynthesis?

O2

Which statement accurately describes the role of the light-independent reactions?

Transferring chemical energy to high-energy sugars

What best describes the role of water molecules in photosynthesis?

Water molecules are an input of photosynthesis; they split apart and supply electrons to chlorophyll

What is NOT associated with the thylakoid membranes?

The Calvin Cycle

At the end of Photosystem I, electrons…

Combine with NADP+ to form NADPH

Explain how the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions support each other

After the light-dependent cycle was completed, the products were NADPH and ATP, and inorder to begin the Calvin Cycle it needs the NADPH and ATP from the light-dependent reactions. After the energy is transferred, the energy carrier molecules return to the light-dependent reactions to obtain more energized electrons

Autotrophs

An organism that can produce its own food and converts light energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis, and store energy in the chemical bonds of carbohydrates

Heterotroph

An organism that cannot produce its own food and relies on consuming autotrophs or other heterotrophs for energy and nutrients

Photosynthesis Formula (Numbers)

CO2 + H2O → C6H12O6 + O2

Photosynthesis Formula (Explanation)

Carbon dioxide + Water → Sugars + Oxygen

Thylakoid Membrane

A membrane within chloroplasts where the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis occur, including the formation of ATP and NADPH.

Granum

A stack of thylakoid discs found in chloroplasts where the light-dependent reactions occur

Explain how the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions support each other.

The light-dependent reactions convert light energy into chemical energy, producing ATP and NADPH. The Calvin Cycle reactions use the ATP and NADPH from the light-dependent reactions to reduce carbon dioxide and convert the energy to the chemical bond energy in carbohydrates such as glucose.

Stroma

The colorless fluid surrounding the thylakoids in a chloroplast where the Calvin Cycle of photosynthesis takes place

What are the products of the light dependent reactions?

ATP, NADPH, and O2