Polyploidy

what is a polyploid organism

organism that has more than two sets of homologous chromosomes

what is polyploidy

whole genome duplication

• chromosomes in a cell are duplicated but the cell doesn’t divide

how many sets of chromsomes does a haploid, diploid, triploid and tetraploid have?

1 set, 2 sets, 3 sets, 4 sets

what is whole genome duplication in a diploid cell called

autotetraploid (non-hybrid)

what is allopolyploidy?

special case of polyploidy

allopolyploid = hybrid and has multiple chromosome sets derived from the different parental species

how can more allotetraploid cells be produced?

through mitosis

can also divide by meiosis because there are two homologous chromosomes of each type to form pairs

who can allotetraploids interbreed with?

other allotetraploids - cannot interbreed with parent species

why are allotetraploids a new species?

cannot breed with parent species

what is an example of a species that has arisen from hybridisation followed by polyploidy?

periscaria

100+ species of this genus, 15 orginiating by allopolyploidy