Bacterial Cells

Chromosomal DNA (one long circular chromosome)

controls the cell’s activities and replication. It floats free in the cytoplasm (not in a nucleus)

Ribosomes

These are involved in relocation of genetic material in the synthesis of proteins

Cell membrane

Holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out

Plasmid DNA

small loops of DNA that aren’t part of the chromosome - they contain genes for things like drug resistance, and can be passed between bacteria

Flagellum (plural for flagella)

a long, hair-like structure that rotates to make the bacterium move. It can be used to move the bacterium away from harmful substances like toxins and towards beneficial things like nutrients or oxygen