Midterm Reviewer (Kim)

• Food

• Nutrition

• Nutrients

Food & Applied Nutrition

• Carbohydrates

• Proteins

• Fats

• Water

• Fibre/Roughage

• Minerals

• Vitamins

Nutrients

• Carbohydrates

• Proteins

• Fats

• Water

• Fibre/Roughage

Macronutrients

MINERALS

• Iodine

• Iron

• Calcium

VITAMINS

Micronutrients

Macronutrients

Required in large amounts by the body.

Micronutrients

Required in small amounts by the body.

Vitamin A

Retinol

Vitamin B1

Thiamine

Vitamin B2

Riboflavin

Vitamin B3

Niacin

Vitamin B5

Pantothenic Acid

Vitamin B6

Pyridoxine

Vitamin B7

Biotin

Vitamin B9

Folic Acid

Vitamin B12

Cobalamin

Vitamin C

Ascorbic Acid

Vitamin D

Cholecalciferol (D3)

Ergocalciferol (D2)

Vitamin E

Tocopherols

Vitamin K

Phylloquinone & Menaquinones

Sources: LFCMSF

• Liver oil

• Fish

• Carrot

• Milk

• spinach

• fruits (Papaya and mango)

Vitamin A, (Retinol)

Sources: YMCGLP

• Yeast,

• Milk,

• Cereals,

• Green vegetables,

• Liver,

• Pork

Vitamin B1, (Thiamine)

Sources: SGEML

• Soybean,

• Green vegetable yeast,

• Egg white,

• Milk,

• Liver kidney

Vitamin B2, (Riboflavin)

Sources: CGLK

• Cereals,

• Green leafy vegetables,

• Liver,

• Kidney

Vitamin B3, (Niacin)

Source: MAES

• Mushroom,

• Avocado,

• Egg yolk,

• Sunflower oil

Vitamin B5, (Pantothenic acid)

Source: MCMWE

• Meat,

• Cereals,

• Milk,

• Whole grains,

• Egg

Vitamin B6, (Pyridoxine)

Source: LKMEVG

• Liver,

• kidney,

• Milk,

• Egg yolk,

• Vegetables,

• Grains

Vitamin B7, (Biotin

Source: EMBLCY

• Egg,

• Meat,

• Beet root,

• Leafy vegetables,

• Cereals,

• Yeast

Vitamin B9, (Folic acid)

Source: EMF

• Egg,

• Meat,

• Fish

Vitamin B12, (Cobalamin)

Source: CTAL

• Citrus fruits (Orange, Lemon etc...),

• Tomato,

• Amla,

• Leafy Vegetables

Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid)

Source: FME

• Fish liver oil,

• Milk,

• Egg yolk,

• (exposure to sunlight)

Vitamin D

• Cholecalciferol (D3)

• Ergocalciferol (D2

Source: CSWV

• Cottonseed oil,

• Sunflower oil,

• wheat germ oil,

• Vegetable oils

Vitamin E (Tocopherols)

Source: GVST

Green leafy

vegetable,

soybean oil,

tomato

Vitamin K (Phylloquinone & Menaquinones)

Function:

• Vision and growth

Function:

Vitamin A (Retinol)

Function:

• Co-enzyme in the form of Thiamine pyrophosphat (TPP) in glycolysis

Function:

Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)

Function:

• Coenzymes in the form of FMN (flavin mononucleotide) and FAD (Flavin adenine dinucleotide) in redox reactions

Function:

Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)

Function:

• Coenzymes in the form of NAD and NADP in redox reactions.

Function:

Vitamin B3 (Niacin)

Function:

• Part of coenzyme A in carbohydrate, protein, and Fat metabolism

Function:

• Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid)

Function:

• Coenzyme in amino acid metabolism, formation of Heme in Hemoglobin

Function:

Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)

Function:

• Coenzyme in fatty acid Biosynthesis

Function:

Vitamin B7 (Biotin)

Function:

• Nucleic acid synthesis, maturation of red blood cells

Function:

Vitamin B9 (Folic Acid)

Function:

• Co-enzyme in amino acid metabolism, Red blood cells maturation

Function:

Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)

Function:

• Coenzyme in Antioxidant, building of collagen

Function:

Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid)

Function:

• Absorption and maintenance of calcium

Function:

Vitamin D (cholecalciferol (D3), Ergocalciferol (D2)

Function:

Antioxidant

Function:

Vitamin E (Tocopherols)

Function:

Blood clotting

Function:

Vitamin K (Phylloquinone & Menaquinones)

Disease:

• Night blindness, xerophthalmia, keratinization of skin

Disease:

Vitamin A (Retinol)

Disease:

• Beri-beri (peripheral nerve damage)

Disease:

Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)

Disease:

• Cheilosis (lesions of corner of mouth, lips and tongue)

Disease:

Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)

Disease:

• Pellagra (photosensitive dermatitis)

Disease:

Vitamin B3 (Niacin)

Disease:

• Inadequate growth

Disease:

Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid)

Disease:

• Convulsions

Disease:

Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)

Disease:

• Depression, Hair loss, muscle pain

Disease:

Vitamin B7 (Biotin)

Disease:

• Megaloblastic anaemia

Disease:

Vitamin B9 (Folic acid)

Disease:

• Pernicious Anaemia

Disease:

Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)

Disease:

• Scurvy (bleeding gums)

Disease:

Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid)

Disease:

• Rickets (children), Osteomalacia (adults)

Disease:

Vitamin D: Cholecalciferol (D3), Ergocalciferol (D2)

Disease:

• muscular dystrophy (muscular weakness) and neurological dysfunction

Disease:

Vitamin E (Tocopherols)

Disease:

• Increased blood clotting time, Haemorrhagic diseases

Disease:

Vitamin K (Phylloquinone & Menaquinones)

WET BERIBERI

• High output heart failure

• Heart hypertrophy especially of the right ventricle

• Tachycardia or bradycardia

• Dyspnea/ respiratory distress

• Edema in lower extremities; oliguria

• Lactic acidosis

DRY BERIBERI

• Peripheral neuropathy

• Muscle weakness

• Gait ataxia

• Paresthesias

• Wernicke's Encephalopathy

Minerals

• Calcium

• Chloride

• Chromium

• Copper

• Fluoride

• iodine

• Iron

• Magnesium

• Manganese

• Molybdenum

• Phosphorus

• Potassium

• Selenium

• Sodium

• Zinc

Calorie

is a unit of measurement for the energy value of food.

Why do we need calories?

We need calories for energy to fuel our daily activities—from simple breathing to intense exercise.

Female (7-60 old & above)

Daily calorie intake: 1800 kcal

Male (7-60 old & above)

Daily calorie intake: 2200 kcal

• Go Food

• Grow Food

• Glow Food

Three Food Groups